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period, this shall be indicated by the abbreviation “U”
for an upward tendency and by the abbreviation “D”
for the downward tendency, e.g. RVR RWY 12
300M/D;
d) when the fluctuations of the runway visual range
during the 10-minute period immediately preceding
the observation have shown no distinct tendency, this
shall be indicated by the abbreviation “N”;
e) when the one-minute runway visual range values
during the 10-minute period immediately preceding
the observation vary from the mean value by more
than 50 m or more than 20 per cent of the mean value,
whichever is the greater, the one-minute mean
minimum and the one-minute mean maximum values
shall be included instead of the 10-minute mean value,
e.g. RVR RWY 18 MNM700M MAX1100M.
Note.— See the Manual on Runway Visual Range
Observing and Reporting Practices (Doc 9328) regarding RVR.
11.4.3.2.3.4 Present weather
11.4.3.2.3.4.1 The types of the present weather
phenomena shall be given in meteorological reports in terms
of drizzle, rain, snow, snow grains, ice pellets, ice crystals
11-14 Air Traffic Management (PANS-ATM)
1/11/01
(diamond dust), hail, small hail and/or snow pellets, fog, mist,
sand, dust (widespread), haze, smoke, volcanic ash, dust/sand
whirls (dust devils), squall, funnel cloud (tornado or
waterspout), dust storm and sand storm.
11.4.3.2.3.4.2 The following characteristics of the
present weather phenomena shall be given, as appropriate, in
connection with the types listed in 11.4.3.2.3.4.1: thunderstorm,
shower, freezing, blowing, low drifting, shallow,
patches and partial.
11.4.3.2.3.4.3 The relevant intensity (light, moderate,
heavy) or, as appropriate, the proximity to the aerodrome
(vicinity) of the reported present weather phenomena shall be
given.
11.4.3.2.3.5 Amount and height of base of low cloud
Cloud amount using FEW (1-2 oktas), SCT (3-4 oktas), BKN
(5-7 oktas) or OVC (8 oktas), type (only if cumulonimbus
(CB) or towering cumulus (TCU)) and height of base in metres
(feet) shall be given in that order. If the base of the lowest
cloud is diffuse or ragged or fluctuating rapidly, the minimum
height of the cloud or cloud fragments shall be given together
with an appropriate description of the characteristics thereof. If
there are no clouds and no restriction on vertical visibility, and
the abbreviation CAVOK is not appropriate, SKC shall be
used. If there are no clouds below 1 500 m (5 000 ft) or below
the highest minimum sector altitude, whichever is greater, no
cumulonimbus and no restriction on vertical visibility and the
abbreviations “CAVOK” and “SKC” are not appropriate, the
abbreviation “NSC” shall be used. When the sky is obscured,
the vertical visibility shall be given, if available.
11.4.3.2.3.6 Air temperature and dew point
Air temperature and dew point temperature shall be given
rounded to the nearest whole degree Celsius, with observed
values involving 0.5°C rounded to the next higher whole
degree Celsius.
11.4.3.2.3.7 Altimeter setting(s)
The QNH altimeter setting shall be given. The QFE altimeter
setting shall also be available and passed either on a regular
basis in accordance with local arrangements or if requested by
the pilot. Altimeter settings shall be given in hectopascals in
four digits together with the unit of measurement used and
shall be rounded down to the nearest lower whole hectopascal.
11.4.3.2.3.8 Other significant information
11.4.3.2.3.8.1 This shall include any available
information on meteorological conditions in the area of the
aerodrome, and in the approach, missed approach or climb-out
areas relating to the location of cumulonimbus or thunderstorm,
moderate or severe turbulence, wind shear, hail, severe
squall line, moderate or severe icing, freezing precipitation,
severe mountain waves, sand storm, dust storm, blowing snow,
tornado or waterspout, as well as any information on recent
weather of operational significance (i.e. freezing precipitation;
moderate or heavy precipitation; moderate or heavy blowing
snow; duststorm or sandstorm; thunderstorm; tornado or
waterspout; volcanic ash) observed during the period since the
last issued routine report or last hour, whichever is shorter, but
not at the time of observation.
11.4.3.2.3.8.2 In meteorological reports disseminated
beyond the aerodrome, only information on wind shear and on
recent weather of operational significance as given in
11.4.3.2.3.8.1 shall be included.
11.4.3.2.3.9 When the visibility is 10 km or more, there is
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