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c) positive information is received that the aircraft has
landed.
15.2.5 As soon as it is known that two-way communication
has failed, appropriate information describing the action
taken by the air traffic control unit, or instructions justified by
any emergency situation, shall be transmitted blind for the
attention of the aircraft concerned, on the frequencies available
on which the aircraft is believed to be listening, including the
voice frequencies of available radio navigation or approach
aids. Information shall also be given concerning:
a) weather conditions favourable to a cloud-breaking
procedure in areas where congested traffic may be
avoided; and
b) weather conditions at suitable aerodromes.
15.2.6 Pertinent information shall be given to other
aircraft in the vicinity of the presumed position of the aircraft
experiencing the failure.
15.2.7 As soon as it is known that an aircraft which is
operating in its area of responsibility is experiencing an
apparent radiocommunication failure, an air traffic services
unit shall forward information concerning the radiocommunication
failure to all air traffic services units concerned along
the route of flight. The ACC in whose area the destination
aerodrome is located shall take steps to obtain information on
the alternate aerodrome(s) and other relevant information
specified in the filed flight plan, if such information is not
available.
15.2.8 If circumstances indicate that a controlled flight
experiencing a communication failure might proceed to (one
of) the alternate aerodrome(s) specified in the filed flight plan,
the air traffic control unit(s) serving the alternate aerodrome(s)
and any other air traffic control units that might be affected by
a possible diversion shall be informed of the circumstances of
the failure and requested to attempt to establish communication
with the aircraft at a time when the aircraft could
possibly be within communication range. This shall apply
particularly when, by agreement with the operator or a
designated representative, a clearance has been transmitted
blind to the aircraft concerned to proceed to an alternate
aerodrome, or when weather conditions at the aerodrome of
intended landing are such that a diversion to an alternate is
considered likely.
15.2.9 When an air traffic control unit receives
information that an aircraft, after experiencing a communication
failure has re-established communication or has landed,
that unit shall inform the air traffic services unit in whose area
the aircraft was operating at the time the failure occurred, and
other air traffic services units concerned along the route of
flight, giving necessary information for the continuation of
control if the aircraft is continuing in flight.
15.2.10 If the aircraft has not reported within thirty
minutes after:
a) the estimated time of arrival furnished by the pilot;
b) the estimated time of arrival calculated by the ACC; or
c) the last acknowledged expected approach time,
whichever is latest, pertinent information concerning the
aircraft shall be forwarded to aircraft operators, or their
designated representatives, and pilots-in-command of any
Chapter 15. Procedures related to Emergencies, Communication Failure and Contingencies 15-5
1/11/01
aircraft concerned and normal control resumed if they so
desire. It is the responsibility of the aircraft operators, or their
designated representatives, and pilots-in-command of aircraft
to determine whether they will resume normal operations or
take other action.
15.3 ASSISTANCE TO VFR FLIGHTS
15.3.1 Strayed VFR flights and VFR flights
encountering adverse weather conditions
Note.— A strayed aircraft is an aircraft which has deviated
significantly from its intended track or which reports that it is
lost.
15.3.1.1 A VFR flight reporting that it is uncertain of its
position or lost, or encountering adverse weather conditions,
should be considered to be in a state of emergency and handled
as such. The controller shall, under such circumstances,
communicate in a clear, concise and calm manner and care
shall be taken, at this stage, not to question any fault or
negligence that the pilot may have committed in the
preparation or conduct of the flight. Depending on the
circumstances, the pilot should be requested to provide any of
the following information considered pertinent so as to better
provide assistance:
a) aircraft flight conditions;
b) position (if known) and level;
c) airspeed and heading since last known position, if
pertinent;
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