AUXILIARY AVIATION TRAINING MANUAL(78)

. Secure or jettison any loose gear that could be hazardous on impact.

. The inflatable raft must be readily accessible and, if possible, held securely by a crewmember.

. Secure the canopy or door(s) in the open position to prevent jamming upon impact.

. If in a retractable gear aircraft, do not extend the landing gear.

. Execute the ditching maneuvers in accordance with the aircraft flight manual.

 
C.2.  Landing in Seas Less Than One Foot
 If seas are less than one foot, with no visible white caps, approach into the wind.  Use flaps as necessary to reduce landing speed.  Make a soft field landing.  Use power, if available, to reduce landing speed and give greater control.  Land at as slow a speed as possible, but DO NOT STALL.
 
C.3.  Landing in Seas Greater Than One Foot
 If the seas are greater than one foot, approach cross-swell (parallel to the wave crests of the major swell).  Approach to take advantage of any head wind component while avoiding landing directly into the face of a swell.  As the size of swells increases, the landing heading must increasingly parallel the swell, accepting crosswind components.  (see Figure 9-1)
 
Ditching the Aircraft

 
 Figure 9-1 Ditching the Aircraft The egress route should be planned in advance.  A common theme that runs through all Coast Guard mishaps involving successful underwater egress is th
 
had an escape plan before the accident occurred.  Regardless of seat location, always know where to go in an emergency, how to get there, and what the likely obstacles are. Maintaining orientation within the aircraft is certainly the most important action that can be taken after ditching.  Next to panic, disorientation is the biggest problem in accomplishing a successful egress.  It should be remembered that by remaining strapped securely in the seat, orientation will be familiar although the aircraft may be upside down in the water.  What is normally to the right is still to the right, and what is normally to the left is still to the left.  Keep feet on the deck of the aircraft in order to remain oriented.  Exit the aircraft promptly with survival gear. With all aircraft, th
 
Note glasses

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see.  Most people are at least slightly positively buoyant.  This means that, even if the aircraft is inverted, positive buoyancy will keep crewmembers in their seats when restraints are released.  It is vital that at least one hand is always holding on to the aircraft (a reference p
 
 
 

 
C.8.  Outside of Ditched Aircraft
 Keep calm; remember that a person will usually float.  Since most people are at least slightly buoyant, they will float even higher in the relatively dense salt water of the sea than in fresh water.  After swimming well clear of the aircraft, the PFD should be inflated.  Pull the lanyard to inflate the life vest, but if the inflation system does not work, remember to use the manual oral inflation tubes of the life vest.  When wearing an inflated life vest, it is easier to swim on your back.  If also wearing exposure suits, their natural buoyancy will help to keep the survivors afloat until they inflate their vests.  Once this stage has been reached, efforts should be made to find the life raft and get aboard.  Do not remove shoes or clothing.  Survivors should restrict their energy output to necessary tasks and restrict swimming to reaching the raft.  A member of the crew should have taken the precaution of fastening the raft to their life vest by a lanyard before exiting the aircraft to prevent its loss in a stiff breeze.
　
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