AUXILIARY AVIATION TRAINING MANUAL(40)

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These scan techniques, while challenging at first, can easily be accomplished after sufficient practice.  Scan techniques should be practiced whenever possible, especially while performing other missions such as routine patrols.
 
A.3.  Training Sorties
 Crews can create training exercises to develop an “eye” for objects on the water.  These training sorties should be properly coordinated with appropriate surface crews and assets.  They provide excellent practice for air and surface crews.  They also help the crews practice and develop effective search scan techniques, and help to build confidence in their ability to successfully execute these searches.  The following are some sorties to consider for training.
 

 
A.3.a.  “Oscar” Search
 In this exercise, participants request a real search pattern from a local SAR mission coordinator (SMC) using different methods for the practice area to be searched.  Create an “Oscar”, a human-like dummy, in gray/blue or blue jean colored clothing, stuffed with styrofoam and weighted around its waist with a 10- to 20-pound anchor.  In coordination with an Auxiliary vessel, an orange personal flotation device (PFD) is placed on Oscar, then Oscar is deposited in the water within the search area.  The recovery vessel normally stands off . to 1 nautical mile, but within visual range of Oscar, in case someone tries to “rescue” it.  The aircraft crew then uses search scan techniques to find Oscar.  Once found, the surface vessel is directed to the recovery point.  When the crew establishes the visual cues for finding Oscar with the orange PFD, the exercise may be repeated with the PFD removed.
 
A.3.b.  Direction Finding Steers for Lost Vessels
 This exercise involves using a Coast Guard or Auxiliary unit with direction finding (DF) capability to direct an Auxiliary aircraft to a “disoriented” or lost vessel.  The exercise starts with the DF station requesting a “short count” from the “disoriented” vessel.  The station then passes to the aircraft an estimated heading based on the bearing from the station to the vessel.  The aircraft then flies over the station outbound on that heading, or takes a position from the station on the same bearing as the target vessel.  The aircraft then gives a short count to the station while on that heading and applies corrections as directed by the station.
Since range is unknown in this situation, the aircraft must fly along the bearing searching for the target vessel.
 
A.3.c.  Reflective Mirror Recognition and Tracking
 The recovery vessel may use a rescue mirror to “flash” the aircraft while the aircraft is searching.  Crews observing the flash direct the pilot to the scene.  This exercise is effective for learning to recognize the characteristics of a flashing rescue mirror.
　
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