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- securing fumigation areas
Chemical Treatments Fumigants • Phosphine • Tarpaulin (NAP Chamber or Container)
Aeration
10/2002-04 Treatment Manual 2-10-7
PPQ
◆ Head Piece—Dosing device and numerical counter to indicate
number of tablets used.
◆ Tubing—Usually in 3-foot sections, which can be added to one
another to provide the desired length.
◆ End Piece—Cut obliquely and provided with a hinged flap,
closing the entrance to the tube. When the tube is inserted into
the commodity, the flap is closed and prevents the commodity
from entering. When the probe is withdrawn, the flap opens due
to the slightly larger diameter on the flap. The tablets or pellets
are then released one at a time as the probe is withdrawn.
Grain or other bulk or loose commodities up to 30 feet deep can be
probed. Best results are obtained by probing twice every square foot
and as regularly as possible. Penetration of phosphine is up to 10 feet
below the area in which the tablets are placed. When large bulk grain
stores are treated, many probes may be placed prior to treatment. One
head piece can be moved from probe to probe, or pellets or tablets can
be placed in the tubes by hand (use surgical or disposable thin rubber
or polyethylene gloves).
Gas generation starts within 4 hours of placement of the pellets or
tablets (depending on relative humidity). Therefore, the whole
procedure of pellet or tablet placement or tarpaulin covering must be
accomplished within this time frame. It is possible to work in a probed
area if the area is covered with a gas-proof tarpaulin. Special care
should be taken to monitor gas concentrations to determine if toxic
levels are approached and corrective action taken to prevent exposure.
If it is known ahead of time that grain or cottonseed will require
treatment prior to placement in a means of conveyance or storage, the
space should be sealed properly before loading. Tarpaulins of at least
6-mil thickness should be used if walls are permeable since lighter
tarpaulins may tear. As the material is loaded, tablets or pellets can be
metered into the bulk stream for even distribution of fumigant.
If a bulk shipment is in a large storage facility which has a high roof, it
may be better to tarp on top of the grain rather than seal the roof.
When side walls of the facility are not gas-impervious, tarpaulins can
be placed around the outside of the facility to the height of the
commodity. Again, 6-mil tarpaulins are preferred, since windy
conditions can easily tear lighter gauge tarpaulins off the building.
Aeration
Phosphine treated commodities must be aerated using either electric
exhaust fans or by passive aeration in the open air following
completion of treatment. Personnel must not be allowed to reenter
Chemical Treatments Fumigants • Phosphine • Tarpaulin (NAP Chamber or Container)
Container Fumigation
2-10-8 Treatment Manual 10/2002-04
PPQ
fumigated areas until gas concentrations are determined to be below
the Threshold Limit Value’s (TLV’s) measured with a sensitive gas
detection device.
Boxcars require little or no aeration after a 5-day treatment, but
phosphine concentration must be measured and personnel not
allowed entry until readings are below the TLV.
Container Fumigation
In all container fumigations, it is recommended that the container be
covered with a gas impervious tarpaulin following the usual tarpaulin
fumigation procedures.
For new containers (5 years old or less), the use of a tarpaulin is not
an absolute requirement if all vents can be sealed off. The age of the
container is usually shown in a metal decal on one of the rear doors.
Any container with obvious dents, punctures, nail holes, or parallel
floor boards will require a tarpaulin. Any untarped containers, at the
very least, must have their rear doors thoroughly taped at all four
edges.
If a gas tight enclosure can be assured for the fumigation, the
following procedures may be used:
◆ Close and secure one of the doors. Seal all openings and joints. If
possible, caulk all joints and drape entire doorway with
polyethylene sheeting, securing the edges to the inner walls,
floor, and ceiling with masking tape.
◆ Inspect the roof, floor, and walls for holes and/or cracks. Seal all
openings with either masking tape or caulking compound.
Containers require close inspection and a great deal of sealing to
insure against leakage.
◆ Place half of the required packets or plates on each of two pieces
of heavy cardboard, spacing them at least 1 inch apart with no
overlap. Tape packets to board across both ends of the packet.
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