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measured by volume using a graduated dispenser. The dispenser is
located in the introduction line between the supply cylinder and the
volatilizer. For larger quantities the supply cylinder is placed on a
platform scale and the fumigant used is measured by weight. The
measured amount of fumigant must pass through a volatilizer where it
is converted from a liquid to a vapor. The volatilizer is most often
constructed of copper tubing immersed in a hot water bath which
should be kept near the boiling point. The introduction tube for MB
should be located in the uppermost part of the chamber.
Pressure-leakage Test for NAP Fumigation Chambers
Before a chamber is used for fumigation, the manometer can be used
during a pressure-leakage test as a measure of tightness. An opening
(usually 1 inch diameter) should be provided in the chamber for the
use of a blower or other means for the introduction of air to create a
Certifying Facilities Certification of Atmospheric Fumigation Chambers
Construction and Performance Standards
10/2002-04 Treatment Manual 6-3-5
PPQ
positive pressure in the chamber. An additional opening, such as a gas
sampling line opening, must be provided for the manometer. The
procedure for testing is as follows:
1. Close chamber as for fumigation.
2. Attach one end of the manometer to the chamber opening.
3. Use vacuum cleaner blower or similar apparatus to create
pressure of 25 mm as measured on an open-arm, kerosene or
water filled manometer.
4. Discontinue blower and close its entry.
5. Observe time for pressure to recede from 25 to 2.5 mm in the
open arm.
The time lapse for the chamber pressure to recede from 25 to 2.5 mm
in the open arm must be 22 or more seconds for minimum approval.
Chambers shall be reinspected every 6 months when 22 to 29 seconds
are recorded. Chambers which retain the pressure for 30 seconds or
longer should be tested annually. (Chambers used for fumigating
cherries for export to Japan are required to meet a higher
standard—the time lapse for the chamber pressure to recede from 25
to 2.5 mm must be 60 or more seconds for minimum approval.)
Inability to develop or maintain adequate pressure indicates
considerable leakage. In such cases, the chamber operator may use a
smoke bomb or other device in an effort to determine the areas of
leakage.
Electronic manometers are also available and may be used in lieu of
the Open-arm (U-tube) type.
Directions for using this equipment are explained in the Equipment
section.
Other Auxiliary Equipment
According to the needs of the operation, other auxiliary equipment
should be provided. When heat is required, steam pipes or low
temperature electric strip heaters are generally recommended. Open
flame or exposed electric coils should not be used as they tend to
break down the gas and form undesirable compounds. Refrigeration
units should be sized to the volume of the chamber and the type and
amount of commodity involved. Recording thermometers when
required are usually attached to the outside of the chamber with a
remote sensing unit attached to the inside wall or inserted into the
product.
Figure 6-1-1 through Figure 6-1-4 illustrate various construction
features and auxiliary equipment.
Certifying Facilities Certification of Atmospheric Fumigation Chambers
Construction and Performance Standards
6-3-6 Treatment Manual 10/2002-04
PPQ
FIGURE 6-1-1: U Tube Manometer
Certifying Facilities Certification of Atmospheric Fumigation Chambers
Construction and Performance Standards
10/2002-04 Treatment Manual 6-3-7
PPQ
FIGURE 6-1-2: Generalized Plan of Atmospheric Fumigation Chamber Showing Heat and CIrculation
Systems
Certifying Facilities Certification of Atmospheric Fumigation Chambers
Construction and Performance Standards
6-3-8 Treatment Manual 10/2002-04
PPQ
FIGURE 6-1-3: Generalized Plan of an Atmospheric Fumigation Chamber
Certifying Facilities Certification of Atmospheric Fumigation Chambers
Construction and Performance Standards
10/2002-04 Treatment Manual 6-3-9
PPQ
FIGURE 6-1-4: Forced-air Circulation Plan for Fumigation Chamber
Certifying Facilities Certification of Atmospheric Fumigation Chambers
Construction and Performance Standards
6-3-10 Treatment Manual 10/2002-04
PPQ
10/2002-04 Treatment Manual 7-1-1
PPQ
Treatment Manual
7 Emergency Aid and Safety 1
Fumigation Exposure
Contents
Emergency Action—DO NOT HESITATE page-7-1-1
You page-7-1-1
Coworker page-7-1-1
First Aid With Rescue Breathing page-7-1-2
Signs, Symptoms, Emergency Aid, and Medical Treatment for Poisoning by Some
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