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Use gas sampling tubes of sufficient length to extend from the
sampling position inside the enclosure to at least 30 feet beyond the
tarpaulin. Have all the gas sampling tubes meet in one area for ease
and safety in taking gas concentration readings. Do not splice gas
sampling tubes. Before starting the fumigation, test all gas sampling
tubes for tightness by connecting each gas sampling tube to the T/C
unit and placing a finger over the far end of the gas sampling tube. The
ball in the flow meter will fall to zero if the gas sampling tube
connections are tight. Replace any defective gas sampling tubes.
Before starting the fumigation, check for gas sampling tube blockage
or pinching by connecting each tube for a short time. If the tube is
blocked, the flow meter will drop sharply.
Fix all gas sampling tubes securely in place under the tarpaulin and
label each one at the end where the gas concentration readings will be
taken. By labeling each gas sampling tube, you will be able to record
concentration readings easily.
Step 9—Padding Corners
Look for corners and sharp angles which could tear the tarpaulin.
Never use commodity to support the tarpaulin. If the sharp angles or
corners can not be eliminated, they must be covered with burlap or
other suitable padding (example—old tires or cloth). (See Figure 2-4-4
below.)
Chemical Treatments Fumigants • Methyl Bromide • Tarpaulin Fumigation
Preparing to Fumigate
2-4-14 Treatment Manual 03/2004-05
PPQ
Step 10—Measuring the Temperatures
Determine the temperature to use in selecting the proper dosage rate:
◆ For fruits, pulpy vegetables, or logs use only the commodity
temperature.
◆ For all other commodities use both the commodity and air
temperature.
To take the temperature readings, use a bimetallic, mercury, or digital
long-stem thermometer that has been calibrated. Use Table 2-4-2 to
determine which temperature to use when selecting the proper dosage
rate for commodities other than fresh fruits, vegetables, or logs.
FIGURE 2-4-4: Typical Stack Arrangement with Fans, Leads, Introduction Line,
Padding, and Sand Snakes
Important
Regardless of the commodity, never fumigate at temperatures below 40 °F.
Temperature recordings should be rounded to the nearest tenth of a degree
(C ° or F °)
Chemical Treatments Fumigants • Methyl Bromide • Tarpaulin Fumigation
Preparing to Fumigate
03/2004-05 Treatment Manual 2-4-15
PPQ
EXAMPLE: You are about to fumigate guar gum and the commodity
temperature is 82 °F and the air temperature is 69 °F. Average the air
and commodity temperatures to determine the dosage rate because
the air is 13 degrees lower than the commodity temperature. The
average of the two temperatures is 75.5 °F. Use 75 °F to determine the
dosage rate.
If the commodity is fruits, pulpy vegetables, or logs, see the specific
procedures that follow.
Fresh Fruits and
Pulpy
Vegetables
For fresh fruit and pulpy vegetables, insert the thermometer into the
pulp. (for purposes of this paragraph, peppers are also included in the
category of pulpy vegetables.) For commodities which have been
refrigerated, probe the fruit that have the lowest pulp temperature.
Again, fumigate only when the fruit pulp is at 40 °F or higher.
However, if the commodity has no pulp (for example, peas, beans,
grains, herbs, spices, etc.), take the temperature of the air space
immediately surrounding the commodity as well as the commodity
temperature. With these temperatures, use Table 2-4-2 to determine
the correct temperature for use when selecting the proper dosage rate.
Logs and
Lumber
Select several representative locations within the stack at the ends of
the logs or pieces of lumber and drill holes in them to accommodate a
thermometer. After drilling, wait at least 10 minutes to allow the wood
around the holes to cool. Insert the thermometer into the holes drilled.
Record the temperature from each hole, and average the readings. All
readings (not just the average) must be above 40 °F.
Take temperature readings in each hold. Base the dosage calculation
on the lowest reading obtained. (Do not average temperatures.) All
readings must be above 40 °F to initiate the fumigation. If not, you
must postpone it.
TABLE 2-4-2: Determine the Temperature for the Proper Dosage Rate
If the air temperature is: And:
Then, for commodities other than fresh
fruits or pulpy vegetables or logs and
lumber:
Higher than the
commodity temperature
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