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a) attempt to establish two-way communication with the
a) on Mode A, Code 7700; or aircraft, unless such communication already exists;
b) use all available means to determine its position;
b) on Mode A, Code 7500, to indicate specijkally that it is
being subjected to unlawful inte$erence; or C) infonn other ATS units into whose area the aircraft may
have strayed or may stray, taking into account all the C) activate the appropriute emergency and/or urgency factors which may have affected the navigation of the
capability of ADS; or aircraft in the circumstances;
d) transmit the appropriate emergency message via CPDLC.
2.22.1.1 Recommendation.- ln communications between
ATS units and aircraft in the event of an emergency, Human
Factors principles should be observed
Note.- Guidance material on Human Factors principles can
be found in the Human Factors Training Manual (Doc 9683).
2.22.2 When an occurrence of unlawful interference with
an aircraft takes place or is suspected, ATS units shall attend
promptly to requests by the aircraft. Information pertinent to the
d) inform, in accordance with locally agreed procedures,
appropriate military units and provide them with
pertinent flight plan and other data concerning strayed
aircraft;
e) request from the units referred to in c) and d) and from
other aircraft in flight every assistance in establishing
communication with the aircraft and determining its
position.
Note.- The requirements in d) and e) apply also to ATS
units informed in accordance with c).
241 YO5
No. 43
Annex 11 -Air Traffic Services Chapter 2
2.23.1.1.2 When the aircraft's position is established, the d) relay messages between the intercepting aircraft or the
air traffic services unit shall: intercept control unit and the intercepted aircraft, as
necessary;
a) advise the aircraft of its position and corrective action to
be taken; and e) in close coordination with the intercept control unit take
all necessary steps to ensure the safety of the intercepted
b) provide, as necessary, other ATS units and appropriate aircraft;
military units with relevant information concerning the
strayed aircraft and any advice given to that aircraft. f) inform ATS units serving adjacent flight information
regions if it appears that the aircraft has strayed from
2.23.1.2 As soon as an air traffic services unit becomes such adjacent flight information regions.
aware of an unidentified aircraft in its area, it shall endeavour
to establish the identity of the aircraft whenever this is 2.23.2.2 As soon as an air traffic services unit learns that
necessary for the provision of air traffic services or required by an aircraft is being intercepted outside its area of responsithe
appropriate military authorities in accordance with locally bility, it shall take such of the following steps as are
agreed procedures. To this end, the air traffic services unit appropriate in the circumstances:
shall take such of the following steps as are appropriate in the
circumstances: a) inform the ATS unit serving the airspace in which the
interception is taking place, providing this unit with
a) attempt to establish two-way communication with the available information that will assist in identifying the
aircraft; aircraft and requesting it to take action in accordance
with 2.23.2.1;
b) inquire of other air traffic services units within the flight
information region about the flight and request their b) relay messages between the intercepted aircraft and the
assistance in establishing two-way communication with appropriate ATS unit, the intercept control unit or the
the aircraft; intercepting aircraft.
c) inquire of air traffic services units serving the adjacent
flight information regions about the flight and request
their assistance in establishing two-way communication 2.24 Time in air m cser vices
with the aircraft;
2.24.1 Air traffic services units shall use Coordinated
d) attempt to obtain information from other aircraft in the
area.
2.23.1.2.1 The air traffic services unit shall, as necessary,
inform the appropriate military unit as soon as the identity of
the aircraft has been established.
2.23.2 Interception of civil aircraft
2.23.2.1 As soon as an air traffic services unit learns that
an aircraft is being intercepted in its area of responsibility, it
shall take such of the following steps as are appropriate in the
circumstances:
a) attempt to establish two-way communication with the
intercepted aircraft via any means available, including
the emergency radio frequency 121.5 MHz, unless such
Universal Time (UTC) and shall express the time in hours and
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