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organizations regarding aircraft in need of search and
rescue aid, and assist such organizations as required.
Alert phase. A situation wherein apprehension exists as to the
safety of an aircraft and its occupants.
Alternate aerodrome. An aerodrome to which an aircraft may
proceed when it becomes either impossible or inadvisable
to proceed to or to land at the aerodrome of intended landing.
Alternate aerodromes include the following:
Take-off alternate. An altcrnatc acrodromc at which an
aircraft can land should this become necessary shortly
after take-off and it is not possible to use the aerodrome
of departure.
En-route alternate. An aerodrome at which an aircraft
would be able to land after experiencing an abnormal or
emergency condition while en route.
ETOPS en-route alternate. A suitable and appropriate
alternate aerodrome at which an aeroplane would be
able to land after experiencing an engine shut-down or
other abnormal or emergency condition while en route
in an ETOPS operation.
Destination alternate. An alternate aerodrome to which an
aircraft may proceed should it become either impossible
or inadvisable to land at the aerodrome of intended
landing.
Note.- The aerodrome from which a flight departs may
also be an en-route or a destination alternate aerodrome for
that flight.
AlCitude. The vertical distance of a level, a point or an object
considered as a point, measured from mean sea level.
Approach control service. Air traffic control service for
arriving or departing controlled flights.
Approach control unit. A unit established lo provide air traffic
control service to controlled flights amving at, or departing
from, one or more aerodromes.
Appropriate ATS authority. The relevant authority designated
by the State responsible for providing alr traffic services in
the airspace concerned.
Apron. A defined area, on a land aerodrome, intended to
accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading
passengers, mail or cargo, fuelling, parking or maintenance.
Apron management service. A service provided to regulate
the activities and the movement of aircraft and vehicles on
an apron.
Area control centre. A unit established to provide air traffic
control service to controlled flights in control areas under
its jurisdiction.
Area control service. Air traffic control service for controlled
flights in control areas.
Area navigation (RNAV). A method of navigation which
permits aircraft operation on any desired flight path within
the coverage of station-referenced navigation aids or within
the limits of the capability of self-contained aids, or a
combination of these.
Area navigation route. An ATS route established for the use
of aircraft capablc of employing area navigation.
ATS route. A specified route designed for channelling the flow
of traffic as necessary for the provision of air traffic
services.
Note 1.- The term "ATS route" is used to mean variously,
airway, advisory route, controlled or uncontrolled route,
arrival or departure route, etc.
Note 2.- An ATS route is defined by route spec$cations
which include an ATS route designator; the track to or from
signgcant points (waypoints), distance between signgcant
points, reporting requirements and, as determined by the
appropriate ATS authority, the lowest safe altitude.
Automatic dependent surveillance (ADS). A surveillance
technique in which aircraft automatically provide, via a data
link, data derived from on-board navigation and positionfixing
systems, including aircraft identification, fourdimensional
position and additional data as appropriate.
Automatic terminal information service (ATZS). The automatic
provision of currcnt, routinc information to arriving
and departing aircraft throughout 24 hours or a specified
portion thereof:
Data link-automatic terminal information service (D-ATIS).
The provision of ATIS via data link.
Vuice-automatic terminal information service [Voice-ATIS).
The provision of ATIS by means of continuous and
repetitive voice broadcasts.
Annex I1 - Air Traffic Services Chapter 1
Base turn. A turn executed by the aircraft during the initial
approach between the end of the outbound track and the
beginning of the intermediate or final approach track. The
tracks are not reciprocal.
Note.- Base turns may be designated as being made either
in level flight or while descending, according to the circumstances
of each individual procedure.
Change-over point. The point at which an aircraft navigating
Cyclic redundancy check (CRC). A mathematical algorithm
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