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a. All dimensions are measured horizontally unless specified otherwise.
b. Variable length (see 4.2.9 or 4.2.17).
c. Distance to the end of strip.
d. Or end of runway whichever is less.
e. Where the code letter is F (Column (3) of Table 1-1), the width is
increased to 155 m. For information on code letter F aeroplanes equipped
with digital avionics that provide steering commands to maintain an
established track during the go-around manoeuvre, see Circular 301 —
New Larger Aeroplanes — Infringement of the Obstacle Free Zone:
Operational Measures and Aeronautical Study.
23/11/06
No. 8
ANNEX 14 — VOLUME I 5-1 25/11/04
CHAPTER 5. VISUAL AIDS FOR NAVIGATION
5.1 Indicators and signalling devices
5.1.1 Wind direction indicators
Application
5.1.1.1 An aerodrome shall be equipped with at least one
wind direction indicator.
Location
5.1.1.2 A wind direction indicator shall be located so as
to be visible from aircraft in flight or on the movement area
and in such a way as to be free from the effects of air
disturbances caused by nearby objects.
Characteristics
5.1.1.3 Recommendation.— The wind direction indicator
should be in the form of a truncated cone made of fabric
and should have a length of not less than 3.6 m and a
diameter, at the larger end, of not less than 0.9 m. It should
be constructed so that it gives a clear indication of the
direction of the surface wind and a general indication of the
wind speed. The colour or colours should be so selected as to
make the wind direction indicator clearly visible and
understandable from a height of at least 300 m, having regard
to background. Where practicable, a single colour, preferably
white or orange, should be used. Where a combination of two
colours is required to give adequate conspicuity against
changing backgrounds, they should preferably be orange and
white, red and white, or black and white, and should be
arranged in five alternate bands, the first and last bands being
the darker colour.
5.1.1.4 Recommendation.— The location of at least one
wind direction indicator should be marked by a circular band
15 m in diameter and 1.2 m wide. The band should be centred
about the wind direction indicator support and should be in a
colour chosen to give adequate conspicuity, preferably white.
5.1.1.5 Recommendation.— Provision should be made
for illuminating at least one wind indicator at an aerodrome
intended for use at night.
5.1.2 Landing direction indicator
Location
5.1.2.1 Where provided, a landing direction indicator
shall be located in a conspicuous place on the aerodrome.
Characteristics
5.1.2.2 Recommendation.— The landing direction indicator
should be in the form of a “T”.
5.1.2.3 The shape and minimum dimensions of a landing
“T” shall be as shown in Figure 5-1. The colour of the landing
“T” shall be either white or orange, the choice being
dependent on the colour that contrasts best with the background
against which the indicator will be viewed. Where
required for use at night the landing “T” shall either be
illuminated or outlined by white lights.
5.1.3 Signalling lamp
Application
5.1.3.1 A signalling lamp shall be provided at a controlled
aerodrome in the aerodrome control tower.
Characteristics
5.1.3.2 Recommendation.— A signalling lamp should be
capable of producing red, green and white signals, and of:
Figure 5-1. Landing direction indicator
0.4 m
0.4 m 4 m
4 m
Annex 14 — Aerodromes Volume I
25/11/04 5-2
a) being aimed manually at any target as required;
b) giving a signal in any one colour followed by a signal in
either of the two other colours; and
c) transmitting a message in any one of the three colours by
Morse Code up to a speed of at least four words per
minute.
When selecting the green light, use should be made of the
restricted boundary of green as specified in Appendix 1, 2.1.2.
5.1.3.3 Recommendation.— The beam spread should be
not less than 1° nor greater than 3°, with negligible light
beyond 3°. When the signalling lamp is intended for use in the
daytime the intensity of the coloured light should be not less
than 6 000 cd.
5.1.4 Signal panels and signal area
Note.— The inclusion of detailed specifications for a signal
area in this section is not intended to imply that one has to be
provided. Attachment A, Section 16 provides guidance on the
need to provide ground signals. Annex 2, Appendix 1 specifies
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