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safety area will be curved ifthe profile of the FAT0 is curved,
9/11/95 10 ANNEX 14 - VOLUME I1
Chapter 4 Annex 14 - Aerodromes
or a plane if the profile is a straight line. The intersection of
th,e tmnsitiofial surface with the inner horizontal surjface, or
upper edge when an inner horizontal surface is nor provided,
will also be a curved or a stmight line depending on the
profile of the FATO.
4.1.8 The slope of the transitional surface shall be
measured in a vertical plane at right angles to the centre line
of the FATO.
Inner horizontal surface
Take-off climb surface
4.1.15 Description. An inclined plane, a combination of
planes or, when a turn is involved, a complex surface sloping
upwards from the end of the safety area and centred on a line
passing through the centre of the FATO.
Note.- See Figure 4-1.
4.1.16 Characteristics. The limits of a take-off climb
surface shall comprise:
a) an inner edge horizontal and equal in length to the
minimum specified width of the FAT0 ulus the safety
area, perpendicular to the centre line of the take-off
Note.- The intent of the inner horizontal su$ace is to climb surface and located at the outer edge of the safety
allow safe visual manoeuvring. area or clearway;
4.1.9 Description. A circular surface located in a
b) two side edges originating at the ends of the inner edge
horizontal plane above a FAT0 and its environs. and diverging uniformly at a specified rate from the
Note.- See Figure 4-1. vertical plane containing the centre line of the FATO;
and
4.1.10 Characteristics. The radius of the inner horizontal
c) an outer edge horizontal and perpendicular to the centre
surface shall be measured from the mid-point of the FATO.
line of the take-off climb surface and at a specified
4.1.11 The height of the inner horizontal surface shall be
height above the elevation of the FATO.
measured above an elevation datum established for such
4.1.17 The elevation of the inner edge shall be the
purpose. elevation of the safety area at the point on the inner edge that
is intersected by the centre line of the take-off climb surface,
Note.- Guidance on determining the elevation datum is except that when a clearway is provided, the elevation shall be
contained in the Heliport Manual.
equal to the highest point on the ground on the centre line of
the clearway.
Conical surface
4.1.12 Description. A surface sloping upwards and
outwards from the periphery of the inner horizontal surface, or
from the outer limit of the transitional surface if an inner
horizontal surface is not provided.
Note.- See Figure 4-1.
4.1.13 Characteristics. The limits of the conical surface
shall comprise:
a) a lower edge coincident with the periphery of the inner
horizontal surface, or outer limit of the transitional
surface if an inner horizontal surface is not provided;
and
b) an upper edge located at a specified height above the
inner horizontal surface, or above the elevation of the
lowest end of the FAT0 if an inner horizontal surface is
not provided.
4.1.14 The slope of the conical surface shall be measured
above the horizontal.
4.1.18 In the case of a straight take-off climb surface, the
slope shall be measured in the vertical plane containing the
centre line of the surface.
4.1.19 In the case of a take-off climb surface involving a
turn, the surface shall be a complex surface containing the
horizontal normals to its centre line and the slope of the centre
line shall be the same as that for a straight take-off climb
surface. That portion of the surface between the inner edge and
30 m above the inner edge shall be straight.
4.1.20 Any variation in the direction of the centre line of
a take-off climb surface shall be designed so as not to
necessitate a turn of radius less than 270 m.
Note.- For heliports used by perfomnce class 2 and 3
helicopters, it is intended that departure paths be selected so
as to permit safe forced landings or one-engine-inoperative
lan,dings such that, as a minimum requirement, injury to
persons on the groun,d or water or damage to property are
minimized. Provisions,for,forced landing areas are expected to
minimize risk of injury to the occupants of the helicopter. The
most critical helicopter type for which the heliport 1s &ended
and the ambient conditions will be ,factors in determining the
suitability of such areas.
Annex 14 - Aerodromes Volume I1
Obstacle-free sector/suxface - helidecks
4.1.21 Description. A complex surface originating at a
reference point on the edge of the FAT0 of a helideck and
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