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the runway surjace characteristics.
Note 4.- When pa$ormance data on aeroplanes for which
the runway is intended are not known, guidance on the determination
of the actual length of a primary runway by application
of general correction factors is given in the Aerodrome
Design Manual, Part I .
3.1.8 Secondary runway
Recommendation.- The length of a secondary runway
should be determined similarly to primary runways except that
it needs only to be adequate for those aeroplanes which
require to use that secondary runway in addition to the other
runway or runways in order to obtain a usabiliry factor of at
least 95 per cent.
3.1.9 Runways with stopways
or clearways
Recommendation.- Where a runway is associated with a
stopway or clearway, an actual runway length less than that
resulting fiom application of 3.1.7 or 3.1.8, as appropriate,
may be considered satisfactory, but in such a case any
combination of runway, stopway and cleanvay provided
should permit compliance with the operational requirements
for take-off and landing of the aeroplanes the runway is
intended to serve.
Note.- Guidance on use of stopways and clearways is
given in Attachment A, Section 2.
3.1.10 Recommendation.- The width of a runway
should be not less than the appropriate dimension specified in
the following tabulation:
Code letter
Code
number A B C D E F
a. The width ofa precision approach runway should be not
less than 30 m where the code number is I or 2.
Note 1.- The combinations of code numbers and letters for
which widths are specified have been developedfor typical
aeroplane characteristics.
Note 2.- Factors affecting runway width are given in the
Aerodrome Design Manual, Part I.
Minimum distance between
parallel runways
3.1.1 1 Recommendation.- Where parallel non-instrument
runways are intended for simultaneous use, the minimum
distance between their centre lines should be:
- 210 m where the higher code number is 3 or 4;
- I50 m where the higher code number is 2; and
- 120 m where the higher code number is I.
Note.- Procedures for wake turbuIence categorization of
aircraji and wake turbulence separation minima are contained
in the Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Air Traffic
Management (PANS-ATM), Doc 4444, Chapter 4, 4.9 and
Chapter 5, 5.8, respectively.
3.1.12 Recommendation.- Where paraflel instrument
runways are intended for simultaneous use subject to
conditions spec~$ed in the PANS-ATM (Doc 4444) and the
PANS-OPS (Doc 8168), Volume I, the minimum distance
between their centre lines should be:
- 1 035 m for independent parallel approaches;
- 915 m for dependent parallel approaches;
- 760 m for independent parallel departures;
- 760 m for segregated parallel operations;
2411 1/05
No. 7
Chapter 3 Annex 14 -Aerodromes
except that: - 1.5 per cent where the code number is 3 or 4; and
a) for segregated parallel operations the specifed - 2 per cent where the code number is 1 or 2.
minimum distance:
I) may be decreased by 30 m for each 150 m that the Note.- Guidance on slope changes before a runway is
am'val runway is staggered toward the arriving given in Attachment A, Section 4.
aircrafi, to a minimum of 300 m; and
3.1.16 Recommendation.- The transition porn one
2, be increased by 30 mfor each 150 that the slope to another should be accomplished by a curved surface
arrival ruf'wa.Y is staggered away from the with a rate of change not exceeding:
aircrafi
b) for independent parallel approaches, combinations of - 0.1 per cent per 30 m (minimum radius of curvature of
minimum distances and associated conditions other than 30 000 m) where the code number is 4;
those specified in the PANS-All4 (Doc 4444) may be
applied when it is determined thaf such combinations - 0.2 per cent per 30 m (minimum radius of curvature of
would not k e l y &ct the safety of aircraj operations. 15 000 m) where the code number is 3; and
Note.- Procedures and facilities requirements for
simultaneous operations on parallel or near-parallel instrument
runways are contained in the PANS-ATM (Doc 4444),
Chapter 6 and the PANS-OPS (Doc 8168). Volume I, Part VII
and Volume II, Parts II and III and relevant guidance is
contained in the Manual of Simultaneous Operations on
Parallel or Near-Parallel Instrument Runways (Doc 9643).
Slopes on runways
3.1.13 Longitudinal slopes
Recommendation.- b e slope computed by dividing the
d~ference between the maximum and minimum elevation
along the runway centre line by the runway length should not
exceed:
- 1 per cent where the code number is 3 or 4; and
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