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painted with the warning color 100 per cent red.
NOTE : -Terrain may only be displayed on ND's when FCU mode
____ ARC or ROSE is selected. -When an alert occurs (caution or warning) and the FCU mode is not in a correct mode (ARC or ROSE), the message TERR. CHANGE MODE is displayed on ND's. -When an alert occurs (caution or warning) and the FCU range selected is 160 or 320Nm the message TERR. REDUCE RANGE is displayed on ND's.
(e) Terrain Data Base
**ON A/C 105-105,
(Ref. Fig. 016)
**ON A/C 001-049, 051-099, 101-104, 151-199, 201-214,
(Ref. Fig. 016A)
**ON A/C 001-049, 051-099, 101-105, 151-199, 201-214,
Local terrain processing extracts and formats local topographic terrain data from the Enhanced GPWS terrain data base for use by the terrain threat detection and display processing functions. This terrain data base divides the earth surface into grid sets referenced horizontally on the geographic (latitude/longitude) coordinate system of the WGS-84. Elements of the grid sets record the highest terrain altitude (above MSL) in that element respective area. Grid sets vary in resolution depending on geographic location. Higher resolution grids are used around airports. Lower resolution grids are used outside of airport areas where aircraft altitude enroute makes hazardous conditions unlikely and for which detailed terrain features are not important to the flight crew. Digital Elevation Models (DEM) are available for most of the airports around the world today. In cases where the data are not currently available, DEMs are generated in-house from available topographic maps, sectional charts, and airline approach plates. The process of acquiring, generating, assembling, and updating the data base is governed by strict configuration controls to ensure the highest level of data integrity. DEMs from external
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(f) Obstacle Data Base Provisions are also made for future use of an obstacle data base providing obstacle data in the vicinity of major airports. This data base will provide altitude for man-made obstacles or groups of obstacles that protrude above the Enhanced GPWS terrain protection floors.
**ON A/C 215-228, 301-302,
(2) Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF) The Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF) alert function adds an additional element of protection to the standard Ground Proximity Warning System. It creates an increasing terrain clearance envelope around the airport runway to provide protection against Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) situations beyond that which is currently provided. TCF alerts are based on current aircraft location, nearest runway center point position and radio altitude. TCF is active during takeoff, cruise and final approach. This alert mode complements the existing Mode 4 protection by providing an alert based on insufficient terrain clearance even when in landing configuration. Alerts for TCF illuminate GPWS cockpit lamps and produce aural messages.
(a) System inputs The following table lists the inputs required to allow implementation of the TCF function:
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Input | Source | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Radio Altitude | External: Radio Altimeter | |----------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | Latitude | External: FMS | |----------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | Longitude | External: FMS | |----------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | Runway Center Latitude | Internal: data base | |----------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | Runway Center Longitude | Internal: data base | |----------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | Navigation mode | FMS | |----------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | Alert Envelope Parameters | Internal: data base | |----------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | 1/2 Runway Length | Internal: data base | |----------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | System Error Factor | Internal: data base | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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