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anticipation, which obviously improves with practice. However, if you do loose sight of
anyone below, it may be better to stop and locate the other skydiver(s) and the continue.
Also, a top tip is that it’s better to recover our of a swoop too early and be high on the
formation than to be too late and go low on a formation.
Theory to Swooping
As you know, the distance between you and the target is both vertical and horizontal.
Reducing the vertical distance is the first priority and to do this we have to use the vertical
dive or the no lift dive position as shown in fig 12.
The vertical dive position is also known as a no lift dive position because it creates
minimum lift as it has a very low angle of attach in relation to the relative air. Obviously,
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this is the quickest way to lose vertical distance due to minimum
air resistance. To transition into this position we start from a dive
exit then swoop back the arms and extend the legs as if you were
tracking. As you transition from the dive exit into vertical dive
you need to maintain a vertical altitude in relation to the earth
despite the change in relative air on your body. As we can’t rely
on a visual reference we need to rely on timing and the feel of the
air pressure as it reduces. Being head down feels unusual at first
because of the reduced air pressure. Imagine trying to try a
handstand with our hands be your side you would have to
balance on your head.
How much time you spend in the vertical dive position whilst
reducing vertical distance depends on how long you wait before
leaving the aircraft after the target but remember its better to be
too early than too late. To transition out of the vertical dive look
up and see the target. Immediately you will change your angle of
attack and create air pressure on the underside of your body. Be aware that you are now
travelling at a much higher speed than you have experienced before. To reduce speed
quickly from this position we use the body flare.
It’s basically a slow fall position in relation to the relative air so remember relative air is
relative to the direction you are travelling in. Judging when to flare requires anticipation
and its best to air on the side of caution and aim to be early. Ideally you will be 100ft above
your target and to close the remaining distance use a combination of fast fall and forward
movement. A good approach would be at a 45-degree angle down towards your target but
aim to set up on level and 10ft out. Close remaining distance on level, stop, and pick up
grips. If you transition too early and still have a few hundred feet to go, then you can
transition back into a vertical dive for a few seconds before flaring out again. To do this
start in a neutral position then go into a track but bend at the waist until your head and torso
are vertical then straighten the spine.
During this level it would be ideal to practice this skill at least twice but due to the increase
in speed during vertical dive we lose more altitude than we are used to so before repeating
the skill, check altitude. Do not attempt head down below 6000ft.
Coaching Lesson
The aim of this lesson is to teach
Dive and Approach a Target (Swooping)
Training Aids: The Coach, DVD, Video, Bean Bag, Jumpsuit and Altimeter,
Fig. 12
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Creepers, Mirror.
Revision: Read through Intro and Theory to Swooping. Also, emergency procedures
where appropriate.
Explanation: Explain theory to dive and approach a target.
Demonstration: Using an assistant or a freeze frame of the video, demonstrate the
position as a whole. Break the position into parts and demonstrate
the checklist.
Imitation: Student to go through checklist.
Practice: Practice the skill in reps of 5.
Practice with corrections until proficient.
Practice eyes closed.
Confirmation: Go through the whole dive sequence from exit to track off. Confirm
in air coaching signals and emergencies. Re-emphasize altitude
awareness and break off at 5000 feet.
Coaches Notes:
Safety, talk about the dangers of losing eye contact with the target. Talk through braking
distance to reduce the speed of an approach to a target.
In Air Coaching
Dive and Approach to a Target
Exit
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Dive exit after a delay from the instructor’s exit. Give the student time to adjust into the
neutral position, ensure the student is in a neutral position before attempting a new skill,
they should be ready by the time you reach terminal.
In Air Coaching
During this level it’s simply the job of the coach to act as a target for the student. After
you exit count the seconds until the student leaves the aircraft. Observe the students
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