曝光台 注意防骗
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Practice: Practice the skill in reps of 5.
Practice with corrections until proficient.
Practice eyes closed.
Confirmation: Go through the whole dive sequence from exit to track off. Confirm
in air coaching signals and emergencies. Re-emphasize altitude
awareness and break off at 5000 feet.
Coaches Notes:
When applied correctly the neutral flying position will cause a student to fall at a slower
rate than they would in a conventional student position. Encourage the use of a weight belt,
and use it sooner rather than later in their progression.
With the student in the neutral position, bean bags are useful when positioned forward of
the head with the arms applying pressure on it and a bean bag behind the knees with the
lower legs applying pressure on it so as to introduce maintaining air pressure.
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In Air Coaching
The neutral flying position
Exit
Ask the student which exit they would like to practice next.
Vary the exits from jump to jump.
Give the student time to adjust into the neutral position, make sure the student is in a
neutral position before attempting a new skill; they should be ready by the time you reach
terminal.
In Air Coaching
Give the student time to adjust by them self into the neutral position. Allow them to run
through the checklist. Go through the checklist yourself and give corrections as needed.
Stay static, if the student is backsliding allow them to recognise it but give corrective
signals. If you are not getting a response then close in on the student and try again.
The balance between the amount of demonstrations you do to the students attempts is up
to you, but if the student is performing well then just stay static and allow maximum
student practice of the new skill.
5000 Feet
Observe the students altitude awareness during the entire skydive. At break off ensure
there is a safe distance between the student and yourself but continue to observe their track
and deployment making a note of the altitude.
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Chapter 2
The Second Law of FS
Mobility
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Mobility
Mobility adj. – able to move or be moved, the ability and willingness to move or change.
Mobility in this section covers the move you will need to make on a vertical and horizontal
plane. Horizontal moves can be divided into two categories:
Transitional moves: Forward, backward, side sliding.
Rotational moves: Turns in place, 90, 180, 360 degrees etc.
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Intro to Manoeuvrability
Before we look at how we move let’s look at what keeps us from moving in more detail.
We have already seen how having a higher centre of gravity promotes mobility and a low
centre of gravity (COG) promotes balance. However, to be highly manoeuvrable yet
balanced there needs to be compromised. This problem was first recognised during WWII
when fighter pilots required highly manoeuvrable aircraft with a high COG. The
compromise came from the angle at which the wings meet the fuselage. This angle is
known as the dihedral angle as seen in figure 7.
Fig 7
As for skydiving, this is not a new concept either. In 1978 Roger Hull, a skydiver from the
West Coast USA, developed a highly manoeuvrable position for relative workers (FS
jumpers) knows as the Dihedral position. You can see the comparisons with modern
aircraft and modern skydivers as shown in fig. 7 and 8.
However this idea did not last as it was too radical for the ability and equipment for the
relative workers of 1978 and they eventually went back to a flat position. Although it was
called a Dihedral it was actually an Anhedral angle as the wings sloped down rather than up.
The effect is the same.
Fig. 8
The arrows indicate the direction of force acting on an object.
It is argued that to properly compare the use of the Anhedral angle, we should consider that
the air hits these two objects at completely different angles. This of course is true but the
effect of the air pressure acting on both objects is the same.
Both objects cut through the air at high speed and use the anhedral effect to maintain their
balance and heading but with their higher COG, what these objects really want to do is
move.
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Intro to Fall rates
Solly Williams, a World Champion in 4-Way FS, once said: “Fall rate issues are the
biggest challenge in formation skydiving”
In formation skydiving we are always changing our body position, which will affect our
fall rates. This is a problem, which will always arise no matter who we jump with.
Formation skydiving requires you to be on the same level as everybody else, learning how
to control your fall rate is the No 1 priority after achieving a good neutral flying position.
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