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for all phases of flight. Aircraft with AFM−RNP
certification without GPS may be limited to certain
RNP levels, or phases of flight. For example, RNP
based on DME/DME without other augmentation
may not be appropriate for phases of flight outside the
certified DME service volume. Operators of aircraft
not having specific AFM−RNP certification may be
issued operational approval including special conditions
and limitations, if any, for specific RNP levels.
Aircraft navigation systems eligible for RNP airspace
will be indicated on charts, or announced through
other FAA media such as NOTAMs and chart
bulletins.
22.5 Understanding RNP Operations. Pilots
should have a clear understanding of the aircraft
requirements for operation in a given RNP
environment, and advise ATC if an equipment failure
or other malfunction causes the aircraft to lose its
ability to continue operating in the designated RNP
airspace. When a pilot determines a specified RNP
level cannot be achieved, he/she should be prepared
to revise the route, or delay the operation until an
appropriate RNP level can be ensured. Some airborne
systems use terms other than RNP to indicate the
current level of performance. Depending on the
airborne system implementation, this may be
displayed, and referred to, as actual navigation
performance (ANP), estimate of position error
(EPE), or other.
22.6 Other RNP Applications Outside the
U.S. The FAA, in cooperation with ICAO member
states has led initiatives in implementing the RNP
concept to oceanic operations. For example, RNP−10
routes have been established in the northern Pacific
(NOPAC) which has increased capacity and
efficiency by reducing the distance between tracks to
50 NM. Additionally, the FAA has assisted those U.S.
air carriers operating in Europe where the routes have
been designated as RNP−5. TBL ENR 4.1−7 below,
shows examples of current and future RNP levels of
airspace.
31 JULY 08
AIP ENR 4.1−41
United States of America 15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
TBL ENR 4.1−7
RNP Levels Supported for International Operations
RNP Level Typical Application
4 Projected for oceanic/remote areas
where 30 NM horizontal separation is
applied
5 European Basic RNAV (B−RNAV)
10 Oceanic/remote areas where 50 NM
horizontal separation is applied
22.7 RNAV and RNP Operations
22.7.1 Pilot
22.7.1.1 If unable to comply with the requirements
of an RNAV or RNP procedure, pilots must advise air
traffic control as soon as possible. For example,
“N1234, failure of GPS system, unable RNAV,
request amended clearance.”
22.7.1.2 Pilots are not authorized to fly a published
RNAV or RNP procedure (instrument approach,
departure, or arrival procedure) unless it is retrievable
by the procedure name from the aircraft navigation
database and conforms to the charted procedure.
22.7.1.3 Whenever possible, RNAV routes (Q− or
T−route) should be extracted from the database in
their entirety, rather than loading RNAV route
waypoints from the database into the flight plan
individually. However, selecting and inserting
individual, named fixes from the database is
permitted, provided all fixes along the published
route to be flown are inserted.
22.7.1.4 Pilots must not change any database
waypoint type from a fly−by to fly−over, or vice
versa. No other modification of database waypoints
or the creation of user−defined waypoints on
published RNAV or RNP procedures is permitted,
except to:
a) Change altitude and/or airspeed waypoint
constraints to comply with an ATC clearance/
instruction.
b) Insert a waypoint along the published route to
assist in complying with ATC instruction, example,
“Descend via the WILMS arrival except cross
30 north of BRUCE at/or below FL 210.” This is
limited only to systems that allow along−track
waypoint construction.
22.7.1.5 Pilots of FMS−equipped aircraft, who are
assigned an RNAV DP or STAR procedure and
subsequently receive a change of runway, transition
or procedure, shall verify that the appropriate
changes are loaded and available for navigation.
22.7.1.6 For RNAV 1 DPs and STARs, pilots must
use a CDI, flight director and/or autopilot, in lateral
navigation mode. Other methods providing an
equivalent level of performance may also be
acceptable.
22.7.1.7 For RNAV 1 DPs and STARs, pilots of
aircraft without GPS, using DME/DME/IRU, must
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