Input Assessment Bench Mark used Output Validation method
QualitativeAssessment Published & Proposed Terminal Airspace Design (Routes/Holds, Structures and Sectors) Non-numerical Performance and Safety Criteria based upon ICAO SARPs, Procedures and Guidance material and National/Local regulations and ESARRs. Mainly textual/ diagrammatic reasoning, argument, justification. . Expert ATM/CNS judgement . Airspace Modelling
Quantitative Assessment . Published and Proposed Terminal Airspace Design (Routes/Holds, Structures and Sectors) usually in computer data format representing Airspace Organisation and Traffic Samples. . surveys - radar data recordings, flight plan recordings, flight recordings, questionnaires . statistics & forecasts -airports operations statistics, meteorological data collections, traffic demand, traffic distribution Absolute Numerical Performance and Safety criteria based upon Performance and Safety Criteria based upon ICAO SARPs, Procedures and Guidance material and National/Local regulations and ESARRs. Numerical data (primarily) . Airspace Modelling . FTS/RTS . Live ATC Trials . Flight Simulator . Data Analytical Tools . Statistical Analysis . Collision risk modelling
Table 1 - 1: Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment
1.4.2 SPECIFIC DIFFERENCES
More specifically it is possible to distinguish between the different validation methods on the basis of Cost, Realism, Time and the number of Traffic Samples and Test Cases used. As can be seen in the diagram below, the more complex the simulation method used, the greater the cost, preparation/run time required and the closer to reality the results become. In contrast, and normally for reasons related to cost/time – the number of traffic samples/test cases tend to decrease as the complexity of the simulation method used increases.
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Comment: It is frequently claimed that the results/output from a real-time simulation are more reliable than those from a fast-time simulation on the basis that RTS is closer to reality than FTS. This is not a given: a poorly prepared RTS founded on incorrect assumptions e.g. non-representative traffic sample, is unlikely to return a better result than a properly prepared FTS. Furthermore, recent developments in FTS-technology are such that increasing reliance is being placed upon FTS results.
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