St3 St3
Figure 6- 7: Application St3
Despite the non-desirability of ‘taking’ more airspace than is required, designers should keep in mind that VFR pilots usually navigate by visual reference points and as such, the boundary of the Terminal Airspace should be ‘easy’ for VFR pilots to detect.
To this end, two sub-guidelines are provided.
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ST3.1: TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN ORDER TO AVOID UNAUTHORISED PENETRATIONS OF THE TERMINAL AIRSPACE, THE DETERMINATION OF ITS LATERAL LIMITS SHOULD TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION THE ABLIITY OF NON-PARTICIPATING VFR FLIGHTS TO IDENTIFY VISUAL REFERENCE POINTS DENOTING THE CONTROLLED AIRSPACE BOUNDARY
Although it is tempting to design a complex structure to avoid airspace wastage, if the limits of the structure are difficult for VFR pilots to detect, the structure could be instrumental in reducing the safety of operations by increasing the likelihood of unauthorised airspace penetrations. :
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ST3.2 TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN ORDER TO AVOID UNAUTHORISED PENETRATIONS OF THE TERMINAL
Examples of Terminal Airspace whose lower limit is not the surface of the earth include TMAs and CTAs.
St3.2 St3.2
Figure 6- 8: Application St3.2
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While the circle in the right hand diagram suggests airspace ‘waste’ (due to a fixed single lower limit of the Terminal Airspace, Chapter 7 will discuss how this trend is common in complex airspace structures.
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本文链接地址：EUROCONTROL MANUAL FOR AIRSPACE PLANNING 2(55)
