曝光台 注意防骗
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Based on the above conclusions the Conference recommended that States take immediate action to lock .ight deck doors for aircraft operated internationally, while maintaining measures on the ground to provide the highest level of aviation security. States were also requested to actively share threat information in accor-dance with Standards in Annex 17 and employ suitable threat assessment and risk management methodologies appropriate to their circumstances, based on a template to be developed by ICAO and ensure that aviation security measures are imple-mented in an objective and non-discriminatory manner.
As for ICAO’s role in this process, the Conference recommended that the Organization develop, as a matter of high priority, amendments to the appropriate Annexes to require protection of the .ight deck door from forcible intrusion; continue its efforts to identify and analyze the new and emerging threats to civil aviation with the purpose of assisting in the development of security measures and to actively collaborate with other associated agencies; carry out a detailed study of the adequacy of the existing aviation security conventions and other aviation security-related documentation with a view to proposing and developing measures to close the existing gaps and remove the inadequacies, including amendment where required, so as to deal effectively with the existing, as well as the new and emerging, threats to international civil aviation; develop and take action to deal with the problem of aviation war risk insurance; and develop and implement a comprehensive Aviation Security Plan of Action and any additional actions approved by the Council, including a clear identi.cation of priorities.
One of the key conclusions of the Conference was that, in order to further enhance safety and security and to ensure the systematic implementation of the
B. The ICAO Response
critical elements of a State’s aviation security system, there was an urgent need for a comprehensive ICAO programme of aviation security audits and that such a programme should audit national level and airport level compliance with Annex 17 and with aviation security related provisions of other Annexes on a regular, mandatory, systematic and harmonized basis. It was the view of the Conference that the ability to determine whether an airport or State is in compliance will require that auditors have a solid aviation security background and be suf.ciently trained and certi.ed by ICAO to ensure that auditing is conducted in a consistent and objective manner. The Conference was strongly convinced that such an audit programme should be undertaken under the auspices of ICAO’s AVSEC Mechanism which could be guided by proven and successful concepts used in viable programmes already developed by the European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC), the United States and other States in the development of the framework for a security audit programme.
It was considered that the regional approach would have many bene.ts and was to be considered as supplementary to local initiatives, in particular by promoting regional partnership and the activities of the ICAO Regional AVSEC Training Centres. The AVSEC Panel, which is an instrumentality of the ICAO Council should assist in the development of technical requirements and guidance materials needed to administer the audits and assist in the development of an effective quality assurance programme to maintain standards of audit performance; and since an audit programme could provide only security levels of audited airports at the time of the audit, a permanent mechanism based on quality control and the regular conduct of exercises and inspections could guarantee the continuity and improve-ment of security levels determined by the audits.
Arguably, the most signi.cant and seminal recommendation of the Conference was that ICAO establish a comprehensive programme of a universal, regular, mandatory, systematic and harmonized aviation security audits, with implementa-tion beginning in 2003 based on the .nal work plan established by the Council. It was also decided that, in order to be effective, the programme should be based on an audit process that uses ICAO trained and certi.ed audit teams which are headed by an ICAO staff member and which consistently apply fair and objective methods to determine compliance with Annex 17 by observing measures at airports and asses-sing the State’s capabilities to sustain those measures.
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Aviation Security Law 航空安全法(7)
