667Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons, Advisory Opinion, ICJ Reports, 1996, p. 64.
668Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons, Advisory Opinion, ICJ Reports, 1996, p. 79.
669PCIJ Reports Series A, No. 10, p. 4.
670PCIJ Reports Series A, No. 10, p. 18.
B. The Role of the ICAO Council 275
ICAO’s conferred powers enable the Organization to adopt binding regulations by majority decision (which is usually unnecessary as most of ICAO policy is adopted through consensus). However, States could opt out of these policies or make reservations thereto, usually before such policy enters into force. This is because States have delegated power to ICAO to make decisions on the basis that they accept such decisions on the international plane. In such cases States could contract out and enter into binding agreements outside the purview of ICAO even on subjects on which ICAO has adopted policy. The only exception to this rule lies in the adoption of Standards in Annex 2 to the Chicago Convention on Rules of the Air, in particular navigation over the high seas and other over.ight areas where freedom of .ight prevails which all Contracting States are bound to follow in order to maintain global safety.
The 35th Session of the Assembly, when it addressed the issue of expanding the audits from a limited Annex basis to a comprehensive systems approach, instructed the Secretary General to make the .nal safety audit reports available to all Con-tracting States and also to provide access to all relevant information derived from the Audit Findings and Differences Database (AFDD) maintained by ICAO.671
Furthermore, in Resolution A36-2 (Uni.ed Strategy to Resolve Safety Related De.ciencies) the Assembly, in operative Clause 6 of the Resolution, directs the Council to apply and review, as necessary, the procedures to inform Contracting States, within the scope of Article 54(j) of the Chicago Convention, in the case of a State having signi.cant shortcomings with respect to ICAO safety related SARPs in order for other Contracting States to take action in an adequate and timely manner.
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