A. Security Oversight security information in order to prevent speci.c information that could be used to
exploit existing vulnerabilities from being divulged.
The 36th Session of the ICAO Assembly adopted Resolution A36-20,654
Appen-dix E of which addresses the USAP. As mentioned earlier, it must be emphasized that the Resolution inter alia directs the Council to consider the introduction of a limited level of transparency with respect to ICAO aviation security audits, balancing the need for States to be aware of unresolved security concerns with the need to keep sensitive security information out of the public realm and requests the Council to report to the next ordinary session of the Assembly (in 2010) on the overall implementation of the USAP.
Since the launch of the USAP in 2002, 169 aviation security audits and 77 follow-up missions have been conducted.655
The audits have proven to be instru-mental in the ongoing identi.cation and resolution of aviation security concerns, and analysis reveals that the average implementation rate of Annex 17 Standards in most States has increased markedly between the period of the initial audit and the follow-up mission.
A critical part of the audit process is the requirement that all audited States submit a corrective action plan to address de.ciencies identi.ed during an audit. As directed by the Council, all States are noti.ed (by State letter and on the USAP secure website) of those states that are more than 60 days late in submitting a corrective action plan. As of 31 July 2007, there were seven States that were more than 60 days late. In the case of late corrective action plans, repeated reminders are sent to States, including at the level of the Secretary General and with the involve-ment of the applicable Regional Of.ce, and ICAO assistance is offered should the State require advice or support in the preparation of its action plan. Extensive feedback is provided to each audited State on the adequacy of its corrective action plan, and an ongoing dialogue is maintained where necessary to provide support in the implementation of proposed actions.
ICAO performs comprehensive analyses of audit results on levels of compliance with Annex 17 – Security Standards on an ongoing basis (globally, by region and by subject matter). This statistical data is made available to authorized users on the USAP secure website and is shared with other relevant ICAO of.ces as a basis for prioritizing training and remedial assistance projects. As of 31 July 2007, 77 follow-up missions had been conducted. These missions take place two years after the initial audit with the purpose of validating the implementation of State correc-tive action plans and providing support to States in remedying de.ciencies. These missions are normally conducted by the applicable Regional Of.ce, with close
654Resolution A36-20, Consolidated statement on the continuing CA policies related to the safe-guarding of international civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference, Report of the Executive Committee (Report Folder) Assembly, 36th Session, A36 – WP/336, p/46, at 16-2.
655The 36th Session of the ICAO Assembly was informed that there are some 150 certi.ed auditors on the USAP roster, from 59 States in all ICAO regions. The participation of certi.ed national experts in the audits under the guidance of an ICAO team leader has permitted the programme to be implemented in a cost-effective manner while allowing for a valuable interchange of expertise.
coordination through Headquarters. The results of the follow-up visits indicate that the majority of States have made signi.cant progress in the implementation of their corrective action plans.
A high-level ICAO Secretariat Audit Results Review Board (ARRB) has been established as part of an overall coordinated strategy for working with States that are found to have signi.cant compliance shortcomings with respect to ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs). The ARRB examines both the safety and security histories of speci.c States and provides an internal advisory forum for coordination among ICAO’s safety, security and assistance programmes.
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