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时间:2011-08-28 13:01来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:航空
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The Assembly recalled United Nations General Assembly resolutions 61/66 on the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons in all its aspects, 60/77 on prevention of the illicit transfer and unauthorized access to and use of man-portable air defence systems, 61/71 on assistance to States for curbing the illicit traf.c in small arms and light weapons and collecting them and 60/288 on the United Nations Global Counter Terrorism Strategy. It also noted that the International Instrument to Enable States to Identify and Trace, in a Timely and Reliable Manner, Illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons (A/60/88) and the Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies, Elements for Export Controls of MANPADS, and the Inter-American Convention Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Traf.cking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, and other Related Material.
Noting with satisfaction the ongoing efforts of other international and regional organizations aimed at developing a more comprehensive and coherent response to the threat to civil aviation posed by MANPADS; and recognized that the speci.c threat posed by MANPADS requires a comprehensive approach and responsible policies on the part of States.
The Assembly urged all Contracting States to take the necessary measures to exercise strict and effective controls on the import, export, transfer or retransfer and stockpile management of MANPADS and associated training and technologies, as well as limiting the transfer of MANPADS production capabilities. It called upon all Contracting States to cooperate at the international, regional and sub-regional levels with a view to enhancing and coordinating international efforts aimed at implementing countermeasures carefully chosen with regard to their effectiveness and cost, and combating the threat posed by MANPADS. Furthermore, the Assem-bly called upon all Contracting States to take the necessary measures to ensure the destruction of non-authorized MANPADS in their territory, as soon as possible, while urging all Contracting States to implement the International instruments to enable States to identify and trace, in a timely and reliable manner, illicit small arms and light weapons as referred to in the United Nations General Assembly Resolu-tion 61/66 on the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons in all its aspects. All Contracting States were urged to apply the principles de.ned in the Elements for Export Controls of MANPADS of the Wassenaar Arrangement. Finally, the Assem-bly directed the ICAO Council to request the Secretary General to monitor on an on-going basis the threat to civil aviation posed by MANPADS and to continuously develop appropriate countermeasures to this threat and periodically request Con-tracting States to inform the Organization regarding the status of implementation of the resolution and the measures taken to ful.l its requirements.
XIV. Other Current Threats
Security restrictions on the carriage of liquids, aerosols and gels (LAGs) in hand baggage were introduced on 10 August 2006, in response to the foiling of an alleged terrorist plot in the United Kingdom against aviation using improvised explosive devices containing homemade liquid explosives. An initial ban on the carriage of all hand baggage on .ights leaving the United Kingdom was subsequently modi.ed to a restriction on the amounts of liquids, aerosols and gels (LAGs) which were permitted to be carried by passengers through screening points. These restrictions were adopted elsewhere in Europe and in North America. They were subsequently harmonised within the European Union by an amendment to the European Com-mission regulations which came into effect on 6 November 2006.
As a global follow up to these measures, ICAO recommended their universal adoption (not later than 1 March 2007) in a State Letter. ICAO also reacted to the new threat with urgency and ef.ciency in calling a special meeting of the Council on 17 August 2006 to explore ways of countering the new threat. As international civil aviation industry attaches great importance to the security screening of liquids, many countries have made a lot of efforts on the study of liquids detect methods. At present and in the near future, the most effective and safest security way is combination of regular measures, such as X-ray screening, visual examination, inspection by removing the bottle lids, restriction on carrying liquids, etc. ICAO temporary security control guidelines provide a uniform operation mode of liquids screening, which is helpful to the uni.cation of international civil aviation security standard.
 
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