美国航行情报汇编 AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PUBLICATION AIP 2(68)

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extremely important to ensure that the transpond-er and ADS.B codes being transmitted are identical to avoid false conflict alerts within the ATC system.
46.3.3 ADS B systems integrated with the transpon-der will automatically set the applicable emergency status when 7500, 7600, or 7700 are entered into the transponder. ADS B systems not integrated with the transponder, or systems with optional emergency codes, will require that the appropriate emergency code is entered through a pilot interface. ADS.B is intended for in.flight and airport surface use. ADS.B systems should be turned “on” .. and remain “on” .. whenever operating in the air and moving on the airport surface. Civil and military Mode A/C transponders and ADS.B systems should be adjusted to the “on” or normal operating position as soon as practical, unless the change to “standby” has been accomplished previously at the request of ATC. Mode S transpon-ders should be left on whenever power is applied to the aircraft.
46.4 ATC Surveillance Services using ADS.B . Procedures and Recommended Phraseology . For Use In Alaska Only
Radar procedures, with the exceptions found in this paragraph, are identical to those procedures pre-scribed for radar in the AIP.
46.4.1 Preflight:
If a request for ATC services is predicated on ADS.B and such services are anticipated when either a VFR or IFR flight plan is filed, the aircraft’s “N” number or call.sign as filed in “Block 2” of the Flight Plan shall be entered in the ADS.B avionics as the aircraft’s flight ID.
46.4.2 Inflight:
When requesting ADS.B services while airborne, pilots should ensure that their ADS.B equipment is transmitting their aircraft’s “N” number or call sign prior to contacting ATC. To accomplish this, the pilot must select the ADS.B “broadcast flight ID” function.
NOTE.
The broadcast “VFR” or “Standby” mode built into some ADS.B systems will not provide ATC with the appropriate aircraft identification information. This function should first be disabled before contacting ATC.
46.4.3 Aircraft with an Inoperative/Malfunctioning ADS.B Transmitter or in the Event of an Inoperative Ground Broadcast Transceiver (GBT).
46.4.3.1 ATC will inform the flight crew when the aircraft’s ADS.B transmitter appears to be inopera-tive or malfunctioning:
PHRASEOLOGY.
YOUR ADS.B TRANSMITTER APPEARS TO BE INOPERATIVE/MALFUNCTIONING. STOP ADS.B TRANSMISSIONS.
46.4.3.2 ATC will inform the flight crew when the GBT transceiver becomes inoperative or malfunc-tioning, as follows:

PHRASEOLOGY.
(Name of facility) GROUND BASED TRANSCEIVER
INOPERATIVE/MALFUNCTIONING.
(And if appropriate) RADAR CONTACT LOST.

NOTE.
An inoperative or malfunctioning GBT may also cause a loss of ATC surveillance services.
46.4.3.3 ATC will inform the flight crew if it becomes necessary to turn off the aircraft’s ADS.B transmitter.
PHRASEOLOGY.
STOP ADS.B TRANSMISSIONS.
46.4.3.4 Other malfunctions and considerations: Loss of automatic altitude reporting capabilities (encoder failure) will result in loss of ATC altitude advisory services.
46.5 ADS.B Limitations
46.5.1 The ADS.B cockpit display of traffic is NOT intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve the pilot’s responsibility to “see and avoid” other aircraft. (See paragraph 42.10, See and Avoid). ADS.B provides proximity warning only to assist the pilot in the visual acquisition of other aircraft. ADS.B shall not be used for avoidance maneuvers during IMC or other times when there is no visual contact with the intruder aircraft. ADS.B is intended only to assist in visual acquisition of other aircraft. No avoidance maneuvers are provided nor authorized, as a direct result of an ADS.B display or an ADS.B alert.
46.5.2 ADS.B does not alter or diminish the pilot’s basic authority and responsibility to ensure safe flight. ADS.B only displays aircraft that are ADS.B equipped; therefore, aircraft that are not ADS.B equipped or aircraft that are experiencing an ADS.B failure will not be displayed. ADS.B alone does not ensure safe separation.
46.5.3 Presently, no air traffic services or handling is predicated on the availability of an ADS.B cockpit display. A “traffic.in.sight” reply to ATC must be based on seeing an aircraft out.the.window, NOT on the cockpit display.
46.5.4 Use of ADS.B radar services is limited to the service volume of the GBT.
NOTE.
The coverage volume of GBTs are limited to line.of.sight.
46.6 Reports of ADS.B Malfunctions
Users of ADS.B can provide valuable assistance in the correction of malfunctions by reporting instances of undesirable system performance. Reports should identify the time of observation, location, type and identity of aircraft, and describe the condition observed; the type of avionics system and its software version in use should also be included. Since ADS.B performance is monitored by maintenance personnel rather than ATC, it is suggested that malfunctions be reported in any one of the following ways:
　
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