美国航行情报汇编 AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PUBLICATION AIP 2(138)

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5.3.3.4 Operation off established airways between 14,500 feet MSL and 17,999 feet MSL in the conterminous United States. (H) facilities not more than 200 NM apart may be used.
5.3.4 Increasing use of self.contained airborne navigational systems which do not rely on the VOR/VORTAC/TACAN system has resulted in pilot requests for direct routes which exceed NAVAID service volume limits. These direct route requests will be approved only in a radar environment, with approval based on pilot responsibility for navigation on the authorized direct route. “Radar flight following” will be provided by ATC for air traffic control purposes.
5.3.5 At times, ATC will initiate a direct route in a radar environment which exceeds NAVAID service volume limits. In such cases ATC will provide radar monitoring and navigational assistance as necessary.
5.3.6 Airway or jet route numbers, appropriate to the stratum in which operation will be conducted, may also be included to describe portions of the route to be flown.
EXAMPLE.
MDW V262 BDF V10 BRL STJ SLN GCK Spelled out: from Chicago Midway Airport via Victor 262 to Bradford, Victor 10 to Burlington, Iowa, direct St. Joseph, Missouri, direct Salina, Kansas, direct Garden City, Kansas.
NOTE.
When route of flight is described by radio fixes, the pilot will be expected to fly a direct course between the points named.
5.3.7 Pilots are reminded that they are responsible for adhering to obstruction clearance requirements on those segments of direct routes that are outside of Class A, B, C, D, and E airspace. The MEAs and other altitudes shown on Low Altitude IFR En Route Charts pertain to those route segments within Class A, B, C, D, and E airspace, and those altitudes may not meet obstruction clearance criteria when operating off those routes.
5.4 Area Navigation (RNAV)
5.4.1 Random RNAV routes can only be approved in a radar environment. Factors that will be considered by ATC in approving random RNAV routes include the capability to provide radar monitoring and compatibility with traffic volume and flow. ATC will radar monitor each flight; however, navigation on the random RNAV route is the responsibility of the pilot.

5.4.2 Pilots of aircraft equipped with approved area navigation equipment may file for RNAV routes throughout the National Airspace System and may be filed for in accordance with the following procedures.
5.4.2.1 File airport to airport flight plans.
5.4.2.2 File the appropriate RNAV capability certification suffix in the flight plan.
5.4.2.3 Plan the random route portion of the flight plan to begin and end over appropriate arrival and departure transition fixes or appropriate navigation aids for the altitude stratum within which the flight will be conducted. The use of normal preferred departure and arrival routes (DP/STAR), where established, is recommended.
5.4.2.4 File route structure transitions to and from the random route portion of the flight.
5.4.2.5 Define random routes by waypoints. File route description waypoints by using degree.dis-tance fixes based on navigational aids which are appropriate for the altitude stratum.
5.4.2.6 File a minimum of one route description waypoint for each ARTCC through whose area the random route will be flown. These waypoints must be located within 200 NM of the preceding center’s boundary.
5.4.2.7 File an additional route description waypoint for each turnpoint in the route.
5.4.2.8 Plan additional route description waypoints as required to ensure accurate navigation via the filed route of flight. Navigation is the pilot’s responsibility unless ATC assistance is requested.
5.4.2.9 Plan the route of flight so as to avoid Prohibited and Restricted Airspace by 3 NM unless permission has been obtained to operate in that airspace and the appropriate ATC facilities are advised.
NOTE.
To be approved for use in the National Airspace System, RNAV equipment must meet the appropriate system availability, accuracy, and airworthiness standards. For additional guidance on equipment requirements see AC 20.130, Airworthiness Approval of Vertical Naviga-tion (VNAV) Systems for use in the U.S. NAS and Alaska, or AC20.138, Airworthiness Approval of Global Positioning System (GPS) Navigation Equipment for Use as a VFR and IFR Supplemental Navigation System. For airborne navigation database, see AC 90.94, Guidelines for Using GPS Equipment for IFR En Route and Terminal Operations and for Nonprecision Instrument Approaches in the U.S. National Airspace System, Section 2.
5.4.3 Pilots of aircraft equipped with latitude/longi-tude coordinate navigation capability independent of VOR/TACAN references may file for random RNAV routes at and above FL 390 within the conterminous
U.S. using the following procedures:
5.4.3.1 File airport.to.airport flight plans prior to departure.
5.4.3.2 File the appropriate RNAV capability certification suffix in the flight plan.
　
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