ENR 1.12 Interception of Civil Aircraft,
National Security, and Interception Procedures
1. National Security
1.1 National security in the control of air traffic is governed by 14 CFR Part 99.
1.2 All aircraft entering domestic U.S. airspace from points outside, must provide for identification prior to entry. To facilitate early aircraft identification of all aircraft in the vicinity of U.S. and international airspace boundaries, Air Defense Identification Zones (ADIZ) have been established. (See FIG ENR 1.12.1).
1.3 Operational requirements for aircraft operations associated with an ADIZ are as follows:
1.3.1 Flight Plan. Except as specified in subpara-graphs 1.5 and 1.6 below, an IFR or DVFR flight plan must be filed with an appropriate aeronautical facility as follows:
1.3.1.1 Generally, for all operations that enter an ADIZ.
1.3.1.2 For operations that will enter or exit the U.S. and which will operate into, within or across the contiguous U.S. ADIZ regardless of true airspeed.
1.3.1.3 The flight plan must be filed before departure except for operations associated with the Alaskan ADIZ when the airport of departure has no facility for filing a flight plan, in which case the flight plan may be filed immediately after takeoff or when within range of the aeronautical facility.
1.3.2 Two.way Radio. For the majority of opera-tions associated with an ADIZ, an operating two.way radio is required. See 14 CFR Section 99.1 for exceptions.
1.3.3 Transponder Requirements. Unless other-wise authorized by ATC, each aircraft conducting operations into, within, or across the contiguous U.S. ADIZ must be equipped with an operable radar beacon transponder having altitude reporting capa-bility (Mode C), and that transponder must be turned on and set to reply on the appropriate code or as assigned by ATC.
1.3.4 Position Reporting
1.3.4.1 For IFR flight. Normal IFR position reporting.
1.3.4.2 For DVFR flights. The estimated time of ADIZ penetration must be filed with the aeronautical facility at least 15 minutes prior to penetration except for flight in the Alaskan ADIZ, in which case report prior to penetration.
1.3.4.3 For inbound aircraft of foreign registry.
The pilot must report to the aeronautical facility at least 1 hour prior to ADIZ penetration.
1.3.5 Aircraft Position Tolerances
1.3.5.1 Over land, the tolerance is within plus or minus 5 minutes from the estimated time over a reporting point or point of penetration and within 10 NM from the centerline of an intended track over an estimated reporting point or penetration point.
1.3.5.2 Over water, the tolerance is plus or minus 5 minutes from the estimated time over a reporting point or point of penetration and within 20 NM from the centerline of the intended track over an estimated reporting point or point of penetration (to include the Aleutian Islands).
1.3.6 Land.Based ADIZ. Land.Based ADIZ are activated and deactivated over U.S. metropolitan areas as needed, with dimensions, activation dates and other relevant information disseminated via NOTAM.
1.3.6.1 In addition to requirements outlined in subparagaphs 1.3.1 through 1.3.3, pilots operating within a Land.Based ADIZ must report landing or leaving the Land.Based ADIZ if flying too low for radar coverage.
1.3.6.2 Pilots unable to comply with all requirements shall remain clear of Land.Based ADIZ. Pilots entering a Land.Based ADIZ without authorization or who fail to follow all requirements risk interception by military fighter aircraft.
Federal Aviation Administration Twentieth Edition
1.4 Except when applicable under 14 CFR Sections 99.7 and 99.12, Part 99 does not apply to aircraft operations:
1.4.1 Within the 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia, or within the State of Alaska, and remains within 10 miles of the point of departure.
1.4.2 Over any island, or within 3 nautical miles of the coastline of any island, in the Hawaii ADIZ.
1.4.3 Associated with any ADIZ other than the contiguous U.S. ADIZ, when the aircraft true airspeed is less than 180 knots.
1.5 Authorizations to deviate from the requirements of Part 99 may also be granted by the ARTCC, on a local basis, for some operations associated with an ADIZ.
1.6 An air.filed VFR Flight Plan makes an aircraft subject to interception for positive identification when entering an ADIZ. Pilots are therefore urged to file the required DVFR flight plan either in person or by telephone prior to departure.
1.7 Special Security Instructions
1.7.1 During defense emergency or air defense emergency conditions, additional special security instructions may be issued in accordance with the Emergency Security Control of Air Traffic (ESCAT) Plan.
1.7.2 Under the provisions of the ESCAT Plan, the military will direct the action to be taken in regard to landing, grounding, diversion, or dispersal of aircraft and the control of air navigation aids in the defense of the U.S. during emergency conditions.
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