美国航行情报汇编 AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PUBLICATION AIP 2(30)

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EXAMPLE. ATC: “(Aircraft ID) cleared to land runway six right, hold short of taxiway bravo for crossing traffic (type aircraft).” Aircraft: “(Aircraft ID), wilco, cleared to land runway six right to hold short of taxiway bravo.” ATC: “(Aircraft ID) cross runway six right at taxiway bravo, landing aircraft will hold short.” Aircraft: “(Aircraft ID), wilco, cross runway six right at bravo, landing traffic (type aircraft)  to hold.”
22.3.3 Situational awareness also includes a thor-ough understanding of the airport markings, signage, and lighting associated with LAHSO. These visual aids consist of a three.part system of yellow hold.short markings, red and white signage and, in certain cases, in.pavement lighting. Visual aids assist the pilot in determining where to hold short. FIG ENR 1.1.6, FIG ENR 1.1.7, FIG ENR 1.1.8 depict how these markings, signage, and lighting combinations will appear once installed. Pilots are cautioned that not all airports conducting LAHSO have installed any or all of the above markings, signage, or lighting.
22.3.4 Pilots should only receive a LAHSO clearance when there is a minimum ceiling of 1,000 feet and 3 statute miles visibility. The intent of having “basic” VFR weather conditions is to allow pilots to maintain visual contact with other aircraft and ground vehicle operations. Pilots should consider the effects of prevailing inflight visibility (such as landing into the sun) and how it may affect overall situational awareness. Additionally, surface vehicles and aircraft being taxied by maintenance personnel may also be participating in LAHSO, especially in those operations that involve crossing an active runway.

23. Exiting the Runway after Landing
23.1 The following procedures must be followed after landing and reaching taxi speed.
23.1.1 Exit the runway without delay at the first available taxiway or on a taxiway as instructed by ATC. Pilots shall not exit the landing runway onto another runway unless authorized by ATC. At airports with an operating control tower, pilots should not stop or reverse course on the runway without first obtaining ATC approval.
23.1.2
Taxi clear of the runway unless otherwise directed by ATC. An aircraft is considered clear of the runway when all parts of the aircraft are past the runway edge and there are no restrictions to its continued movement beyond the runway holding position markings. In the absence of ATC instruc-

24.
Hand Signals

FIG ENR 1.1.9
Signalman Directs Towing
tions, the pilot is expected to taxi clear of the landing runway by taxiing beyond the runway holding position markings associated with the landing runway, even if that requires the aircraft to protrude into or cross another taxiway or ramp area. Once all parts of the aircraft have crossed the runway holding position markings, the pilot must hold unless further instructions have been issued by ATC.
NOTE.
1.
The tower will issue the pilot instructions which will permit the aircraft to enter another taxiway, runway, or ramp area when required.

2.
Guidance contained in subparagraphs 23.1.1 and

23.1.2 above is considered an integral part of the landing clearance and satisfies the requirement of 14 CFR Section 91.129.
23.1.3 Immediately change to ground control frequency when advised by the tower and obtain a taxi clearance.
NOTE.
1.
The tower will issue instructions required to resolve any potential conflictions with other ground traffic prior to advising the pilot to contact ground control.

2.
A clearance from ATC to taxi to the ramp authorizes the aircraft to cross all runways and taxiway intersections. pilots not familiar with the taxi route should request specific taxi instructions from ATC.

FIG ENR 1.1.10
Signalman’s Position

Federal Aviation Administration Twentieth Edition
FIG ENR 1.1.11 FIG ENR 1.1.13 All Clear Pull Chocks (O.K.)

FIG ENR 1.1.14
FIG ENR 1.1.12
Proceed Straight Ahead
Start Engine

POINT TO ENGINE TO BE STARTED

FIG ENR 1.1.15 FIG ENR 1.1.17
Left Turn Slow Down

FIG ENR 1.1.16 FIG ENR 1.1.18
Right Turn Flagman Directs Pilot

Federal Aviation Administration Twentieth Edition
FIG ENR 1.1.19 FIG ENR 1.1.21
Insert Chocks Night Operation

FIG ENR 1.1.20 FIG ENR 1.1.22
Cut Engines Stop

25. Use of Aircraft Lights
25.1 Aircraft position lights are required to be lighted on aircraft operated on the surface and in flight from sunset to sunrise. In addition, aircraft equipped with an anti.collision light system are required to operate that light system during all types of operations (day and night). However, during any adverse meteorological conditions, the pilot.in. command may determine that the anti.collision lights should be turned off when their light output would constitute a hazard to safety (14 CFR Section 91.209). Supplementary strobe lights should be turned off on the ground when they adversely affect ground personnel or other pilots, and in flight when there are adverse reflection from clouds.
　
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