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firepower function by acquiring and designating targets,
adjusting indirect fire, and directly engaging targets.
c. Protection. Protection encompasses those measures a force
takes to remain viable and functional despite enemy action and the
effects of the environment. Tactical helicopters may be directly
involved in this function through the aerial emplacement of
obstacles, sensors, and support to other engineer operations.
Guarding, screening, rear area and flank security missions, and the
evacuation of casualties are also important aspects of force
protection that may be conducted by tactical helicopters.
d. Sustainment. Sustainment is the maintenance of forces
through logistical and administrative means. The flexibility
and mobility of tactical helicopters make them well suited for
certain force sustainment missions which generally involve the
provision of combat supplies and other stores either directly to
the user, or to forward points where army logistics elements
can receive them for onward transport. It must be remembered
that air movement is a relatively inefficient means of
transporting heavy supplies and equipment; it should be
reserved for the support of operations in which air movement
is essential for success, or where other means are not practical.
Introduction
B-GA-440-000/AF-000 5
e. Information Operations. Information
operations integrate all aspects of intelligence and
information to support and enhance the other
combat functions, with the goal of positioning
forces in the right place, at the right time, and with
the right resources. Tactical helicopters augment
this function by conducting reconnaissance,
surveillance, target acquisition, electronic warfare,
and battle damage assessments. All tactical aviation
resources will routinely communicate information
gained in the execution of their tasks as part of the
total information operations effort.
f. Manoeuvre. Manoeuvre is the
movement of forces, in combination with
direct and indirect fire. Tactical helicopters
contribute to all aspects of the manoeuvre
function; the mobility and firepower of
tactical aviation make it a force that can
gain and maintain contact, destroy the
enemy in depth, and allow the enemy no
safe haven in which to reorganize, rearm, or
recover. Attack helicopters and airmobile
forces can capture or deny critical areas of
the battlefield, thus enhancing the
capabilities of the ground commander to
engage the enemy at the times and places of
his choosing.
SECTION 6
CHARACTERISTICS OF AIR POWER
10. Air power assets possess specific characteristics that are quite distinct from those of land
and sea based power. Aircraft travel much faster than surface vessels, are not constrained by
surface features or barriers, and have greater reach than sea or land based weapons systems. The
primary strengths of air vehicles are speed, range, elevation, surprise, and precision. These
strengths act synergistically to produce flexibility, mobility, responsiveness, and the ability to
rapidly concentrate forces.
11. On the negative side, all air power assets are inherently limited by their inability to stay
airborne indefinitely, limited payloads, and vulnerability. B-GA 400 expands on each of these
strengths and weaknesses, as well as conditional characteristics of cost, dependency on bases,
sensitivity to technology, and atmospheric conditions.
Tactical Helicopter Operations
6 B-GA-440-000/AF-000
SECTION 7
TACTICAL HELICOPTER CHARACTERISTICS AND LIMITATIONS
12. Modern technology has freed tactical helicopter forces from many of the restrictions
previously imposed by darkness and marginal weather conditions. Night vision goggles, thermal
imaging, and satellite navigation are some of technologies which have dramatically improved it's
capabilities in recent years. These advances have effectively allowed helicopter operations to
take place 24 hours a day, a capability which in itself poses considerable planning problems for
the tactical helicopter community. Historically, aircrew and maintenance personnel could count
on periods of bad weather and darkness to rest and conduct maintenance; with the modern ability
to conduct 24-hour operations, fatigue and maintenance requirements have a definite impact on
long term operations.
13. Despite massive advances in technology, tactical helicopters remain extremely vulnerable
to most weapons systems. Planners must allocate appropriate resources for destroying or
suppressing enemy weapon systems during operations. Tactical helicopter forces must possess
the ability to detect hostile forces at stand-off distances, and should remain outside threat
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TACTICAL HELICOPTER OPERATIONS 直升机战术操作(4)
