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rough locator pins can be seen by the operator through
holes in the tower and, serve as visual alignment guides,
but are too close together to provide a good moment
arm for precise yaw alignment.
The master receptacle on the GRAWDE is designed to
constrain in two directions and fixes the GRAWDE’S
position. The rough locator receptacle constrains in only
one direction to prevent rotation about the master pin
without over-constraining. The fine locator, serves the
same purpose, only with preload.
Figure 11 - Location pin receptacle
The receptacles consist of a 38mm thick plate with either
two or four 2-1/2 inch diameter rollers. On the master,
two of the rollers are on floating axels that are sprung to
the center of the receptacle via belleville washers. The
other two are fixed. On the rough locator, both axels are
fixed. On the fine locator, one axel is fixed while the
other is sprung. When in position, the rollers are loaded
with about 4400 newtons force.
Hooks
The flying portion of the GRAWDE weighs about 7000
kg. While this is theoretically enough to prevent skidding
on the pads, a greater margin was desired. To this end,
the base was fitted with hooks and the GRAWDE with a
mechanism to grab and load the hooks, each with about
26600 N for a total of 10600 N. The hooks consist of
100mm square bar with notches machined into them.
The mechanism consists of rollers situated on a ramp,
driven by an air cylinder.
CONCLUSION
The GRAWDE presents the start of a paradigm change
in wingbox assembly. The mobile machine is fully
integrated into the A380 assembly jig to provide both
automation drilling and unrestricted manual access. The
concurrent design of the wing drilling machines and the
assembly jig enabled the design of a system, which
provides superior quality holes in less time, with less
rework in an area which is typically rate-limiting to the
wing build process.
The GRAWDE can precisely position countersunk
fastener holes up to 1.25 inches in diameter through a 4-
inch stack. It has the ability to re-synch to a feature on
the wing or in the jig, drive to a precise location, adjust
for normality and drill a hole in a single shot. It
eliminates the use of pneumatic drill motors and
templates. It reduces drilling time to less than one
minute per hole, while producing superior quality holes.
The mobility of this machine provides maximizing of a
valuable capital asset over multiple parallel workzones.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We the authors would like to acknowledge the
contributions of Alan Ferguson, Keith Robinson, Chris
Wilson and Andrew Smith of Airbus UK for the support
of this exciting system. We would also like to
acknowledge the many engineers at Electroimpact who
help in bring this machine into reality. These include
John Barry. Russ Devlieg, Ben Hempstead, Brent
Huffer, Fred Stillman, Brent Thayer, Michael Dong, Tony
Gale and Jim Yinger.
CONTACT
Scott Hogan
Project Engineer
Electroimpact, Inc.
scotth@electroimpact.com
(425) 348-8090
John Hartmann
Vice President
Electroimpact, Inc.
johnh@electroimpact.com
(425) 348-8090
DEFINITIONS
Laser Tracker: A very accurate 3 dimensional laser
interferometer.
Stack: Term used to describe the total thickness of
various layers of wing skin, internal flanges and
reinforcing plates sandwiched together
Swarf: Coolant, chips and residue resulting from cutting
operations
Tapes: Fanuc controllers refer to CNC programs as
tapes. It is carried over from previous technology where
programs were stored on punch tapes.
ACRONYMS
CNC: Computer Numeric Control – also known as a
programmable motion controller
GRAWDE: Gear Rib Automated Wing Drilling
Equipment
HAWDE: Horizontal Automated Wing Drilling Equipment
(LTA-Nr.: D-2002-141/2 vom 12.12.2002) Aktenzeichen: (01)T232-502.1/D-2005-491 Seite 1 von 1
Luftfahrt-Bundesamt
Lufttüchtigkeitsanweisung
LTA-Nr.: D-2005-491
ersetzt: D-2002-141/2
Datum der Bekanntgabe: 28.12.2005
Muster: Airbus
A340
AD der ausländischen Behörde:
DGAC AD F-2002-549R1 vom 07.12.2005
DGAC AD F-2005-196 vom 07.12.2005
Geräte-Nr.:
2850
Technische Mitteilungen des Herstellers:
Airbus A340 AFM TR 4.02.00/46
Airbus A340 AFM TR 4.02.00/47
Airbus A340 AFM TR 4.02.00/48
Betroffenes Luftfahrtgerät:
Airbus
A340
- Baureihen: A340-200, A340-300, A340-500 und A340-600
- alle Baureihen
- Werk-Nrn.: alle
Betrifft:
中国航空网 www.aero.cn
航空翻译 www.aviation.cn
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