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equipment. As with the conventional and alternative fuel methodology above, the equation can
be used to calculate emissions for one LTO of a given aircraft type or for the entire inventory
period based on the period the equipment usage represents (e.g., hours of use required for the
equipment type to service one LTO of an aircraft type or for the entire inventory period).
F-8
Eit = MWHt x EIit
Or
Eit = BHPt x LFt x Ut (EIit x CFBHP x CFR)
Equation F-2: Electric GSE and AGE Emission Calculation
Where: Eit - emissions of pollutant i, in pounds, attributable to the use of GSE or AGE
type t
MWHt - megawatt hours of electricity consumed by equipment type t (e.g., to service
one LTO of an aircraft type or for the entire inventory period)
EIit - emission index for pollutant i, in pounds per megawatt hour of electricity
consumed
BHPt - average rated brake horsepower (BHP) of the engine for equipment type t
LFt - load factor utilized in ground support operations for equipment type t
Ut - hours of use for equipment type t (e.g., to service one LTO of an aircraft
type or for the entire inventory period)
i - pollutant type (e.g., HC)
t - equipment type (e.g., electric baggage tug)
CFBHP - 0.000746 unit conversion factor from megawatt hours to horsepower hours
CFR - 1.125 recharge conversion factor
F3. DATA SOURCES
Data inputs and sources vary somewhat for the conventional and alternative fuel GSE/AGE and
electric GSE/AGE emissions calculation procedures. The following identifies the data inputs and
sources for calculating emissions from conventional and alternative fuel GSE and AGE as well
as electric GSE and AGE. For air bases, the USAF document Calculation Methods for Criteria
Air Pollutant Emission Inventories (Reference 23) also should be consulted for further guidance.
F3.1 Conventional and Alternative Fuel GSE/AGE
F3.1.1 GSE/AGE Type
GSE/AGE type refers to the equipment (e.g., baggage tug) and fuel (e.g., diesel) type. Potential
sources of site-specific GSE/AGE type information are individual aircraft operators for aircraft
GSE, the airport operator for airport GSE, or the air base’s operations department for air base
AGE. For military aircraft, common AGE applications are provided in the USAF’s The Engine
Handbook (Reference 44).
F3.1.2 Usage
Usage refers to the hours of use for a specific equipment type either to service one LTO of a
specific aircraft type or for the entire inventory period. Potential sources of site-specific aircraft
GSE/AGE usage information are individual aircraft operators at airports or the air base’s
operations department. If site-specific data is not available, default aircraft GSE hours per year
usage data is provided in the FAA and EPA’s Technical Data to Support FAA’s Advisory
Circular on Reducing Emissions from Commercial Aviation (Reference 52).
For airport or air base GSE/AGE the airport operator or air base’s operations department can be
contacted or default hours per year usage data can be obtained from the Nonroad Engine and
Vehicle Emissions Study (NEVES) (Reference 78).
F-9
F3.1.3 Brake Horsepower
Potential sources of site-specific brake horsepower data are aircraft operators for aircraft GSE,
the airport operator for airport GSE, and the air base operations department for AGE. If sitespecific
information is not available, the FAA and EPA’s Technical Data to Support FAA’s
Advisory Circular on Reducing Emissions from Commercial Aviation (Reference 52) lists brake
horsepower commonly found on on-road and aircraft GSE/AGE and the NEVES lists brake
horsepower commonly found on off-road airport and air base GSE/AGE. Default data also may
be available from equipment manufacturers.
F3.1.4 Load Factor
Potential sources of site-specific GSE/AGE load factor information are individual aircraft
operators for aircraft GSE at airports, the airport operator for airport GSE, or the air base’s
operations department. If site-specific information is not available, the FAA and EPA’s
Technical Data to Support FAA’s Advisory Circular on Reducing Emissions from Commercial
Aviation lists load factors commonly found on on-road and aircraft GSE/AGE and the NEVES
lists load factors commonly found on off-road airport and air base GSE/AGE. Default data also
may be available from equipment manufacturers.
F3.1.5 Emission Indices
Emission indices are available for aircraft and airport/air base GSE and AGE. Off-road aircraft
GSE emission indices for HC, NOx, CO, and PM are listed in Regulatory Strategies for Off-
Highway Equipment (Reference 16) and Feasibility of Controlling Emissions from Off-Road,
Heavy-Duty Construction Equipment (Reference 15). These emission indices also are provided
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Air Quality Handbook航空质量手册(83)
