compartment in the event that the .ightcrew becomes incapacitated.] Amdt. 25-106, E.. 1/15/2002
FAR 25.773 : Pilot compartment view.
(a)
Nonprecipitation conditions. For non-precipitation conditions, the following apply :
(1)
Each pilot compartment must be arranged to give the pilots a su.ciently extensive, clear, and undistorted view, to enable them to safely perform any maneuvers within the operating limitations of the airplane, including taxiing, takeo., approach, and landing.
(2)
Each pilot compartment must be free of glare and re.ection that could inter-fere with the normal duties of the minimum .ight crew (established under Sec.25.1523).This mustbe showninday and night .ighttests undernonpre-cipitation conditions.
(b)
Precipitation conditions. For precipitation conditions, the following apply :
(1) Theairplanemusthaveameanstomaintainaclearportionof the windshield, duringprecipitation conditions, su.cientforbothpilotstohavea su.ciently extensiveviewalong the .ightpathinnormal .ightattitudesof theairplane. This means must be designed to function, without continuous attention on the part of the crew, in–
(i) [Heavyrain at speeds up to 1.5VSR1 with lift and drag devices retracted; and]
′
Elodie Roux. Septembre 2003
Subpart D : Design and Construction
(ii) The icing conditions speci.ed in Sec. 25.1419if certi.cation with icepro-tection provisions is requested.
(2) The .rst pilot must have–
(i)
A window that is openable under the conditions prescribed in paragraph (b)(1)of this sectionwhenthe cabinis notpressurized,providesthe view speci.ed in that paragraph, and gives su.cient protection from the ele-ments against impairment of the pilot’s vision; or
(ii)
An alternate means to maintain a clear view under the conditions speci-.edinparagraph(b)(1) of this section, considering theprobabledamage due to a severe hail encounter.
(c)
Internal windshield and window fogging.The airplanemusthaveameanstoprevent fogging of the internal portions of the windshield and window panels over an area which wouldprovidethe visibility speci.edinparagraph(a) ofthis section under all internal and external ambient conditions, including precipitation conditions, in which the airplane is intended to be operated.
(d)
Fixed markers or other guides must be installed at each pilot station to enable the pilots to position themselves in their seats for an optimum combination of outside visibility and instrument scan. If lighted markers or guides are used they must comply with the requirements speci.ed in Sec. 25.1381.
Amdt. 25-108, E.. 12/26/2002
FAR 25.775 : Windshields and windows.
(a)
Internal panes must be made of nonsplintering material.
(b)
Windshieldpanesdirectlyinfrontof thepilotsin the normal conduct of theirduties, andthe supporting structuresforthesepanes, must withstand, withoutpenetration, theimpact of afour-poundbird whenthe velocity ofthe airplane(relativeto the birdalongtheairplane’s .ightpath)isequaltothevalueof VC, at sealevel, selected under Sec. 25.335(a).
(c)
Unless it can be shown by analysis or tests that the probability of occurrence of a critical windshieldfragmentation conditionis of alow order, the airplane musthave ameanstominimizethedangertothepilotsfrom .ying windshieldfragmentsdue tobirdimpact.This mustbe shownforeach transparentpaneinthe cockpitthat–
(1)
Appears in the front views of the airplane;
(2)
Is inclined 15 degrees or more to the longitudinal axis of the airplane; and
(3)
Has any part of the pane located where its fragmentation will constitute a hazard to the pilots.
(d)
The design of windshields and windows in pressurized airplanes must be based on factors peculiar to high altitude operation, including the e.ects of continuous and cyclic pressurization loadings, the inherent characteristics of the material used, and the e.ects of temperatures and temperature di.erentials. The windshield and windowpanels mustbe capable of withstanding the maximum cabinpressuredi.e-rentialloads combined with critical aerodynamicpressure and temperature e.ects after any singlefailure in the installation or associated systems.It may be assumed that,afterasinglefailurethatisobvioustothe .ightcrew(established underSec. 25.1523), the cabin pressure di.erential is reduced from the maximum, in accor-dance with appropriate operating limitations, to allow continued safe .ight of the airplane with a cabin pressure altitude of not more than 15,000 feet.
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本文链接地址：FAA规章 美国联邦航空规章 Federal Aviation Regulations 3(84)
