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The future
In future, it will be necessary to define what
regulatory framework will be needed for
the ATM system, as defined by the SESAR
concept. However, at the moment its principles
suggest that centralised/mandatory
regulation should only be used to meet requirements
for ATM security that cannot be
effectively achieved by voluntary means, by
uncoordinated action, by industry standards
or via guidance material. It is quite possible,
however, that existing regulations may need
to be strengthened to meet the security
vulnerabilities in the new, harmonised,
integrated European ATM system.
Meanwhile, EUROCONTROL continues
to actively champion efforts to improve
airspace and ATM security. In particular, the
Agency has set up improved coordination
mechanisms between all stakeholders. The
Agency also shares best practices in the
implementation of security measures, develops
new concepts and analysis methods,
and organises workshops on airspace and
ATM security.
In addition, EUROCONTROL participated
in the effort to reach agreement on the roles
of each of the main organisations in Europe
concerned with airspace and ATM security
across operational aspects, their related
policy and required regulation.
However, Christmas 2009 saw another
worrying incident in which a terrorist
managed to smuggle explosives onto an
aircraft that was departing Europe. Thankfully,
the attempt to blow up the plane
was unsuccessful and the terrorist was
overpowered, but the incident highlighted
the fact that terrorists are continuously devising
new ways of attacking their targets
and that the response needs to adapt and
evolve as quickly as, if not quicker, than
the threat.
should guarantee that, even if a terrorist
manages to board a flight, he is unable to
take control of the aircraft.
For inbound traffic, emphasis is on
airspace security. Fundamentally, every
object onboard an aircraft, such as the cargo,
passengers and crew should be positively
and incontrovertibly identified. Furthermore,
flight plan analysis, discrimination of ‘non reliable’
operators/originators and identification
of pilots and airframes are absolutely vital.
Applying a variety of scenarios to these
core processes facilitates sets of corrective
measures to be placed. These can be broken
down into tasks that will form the basis of an
ATM security plan of action, with two broad
objectives: self-protection and the maintenance
of the ATM service being the priority.
of resources, unsafe flight environment or
unlawful acts.
To achieve this, ATM security planning
is based on proactive scenarios on the
ground, onboard the aircraft and in the air.
As far as outbound traffic is concerned, the
object is to ensure that airport security is
sufficient to deny any unauthorised people
access to personnel, sensitive systems and
aircraft on the ground. Efficient airport security
should in itself be able to detect and
deter terrorist action.
However, in the event that a potential
wrongdoer does get onto an aircraft, the
on-board security set-up provides a second
layer of protection. Consequently, a targeted
set of procedures, combined with physical
security, such as a bulletproof cockpit door,
Building one
sky for Europe
Christina Mackenzie examines the progress
on harmonising military and commercial
airspace with the help of Michael
Steinfurth, head of EUROCONTROL’s
Civil-Military ATM Coordination Division
Photo: Eurofi ghter Typhoon
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Reaching for the Single European Sky(111)
