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YELLOW
LINES
TAXIWAY EDGE
MARKINGS
CONTINUOUS
TAXIWAY EDGE
MARKINGS
DASHED
e. Surface Painted Taxiway Direction
Signs. Surface painted taxiway direction signs have
a yellow background with a black inscription, and are
provided when it is not possible to provide taxiway
direction signs at intersections, or when necessary to
supplement such signs. These markings are located
adjacent to the centerline with signs indicating turns
to the left being on the left side of the taxiway
centerline and signs indicating turns to the right being
on the right side of the centerline. (See FIG 2−3−11.)
FIG 2−3−10
Taxi Shoulder Markings
YELLOW STRIPES
PAVEMENT EDGE
TAXIWAY EDGE
MARKINGS
RUNWAY
f. Surface Painted Location Signs. Surface
painted location signs have a black background with
a yellow inscription. When necessary, these markings
are used to supplement location signs located along
side the taxiway and assist the pilot in confirming the
designation of the taxiway on which the aircraft is
located. These markings are located on the right side
of the centerline. (See FIG 2−3−11.)
g. Geographic Position Markings. These markings
are located at points along low visibility taxi
routes designated in the airport’s Surface Movement
Guidance Control System (SMGCS) plan. They are
used to identify the location of taxiing aircraft during
low visibility operations. Low visibility operations
are those that occur when the runway visible
range (RVR) is below 1200 feet(360m). They are
positioned to the left of the taxiway centerline in the
direction of taxiing. (See FIG 2−3−12.) The geographic
position marking is a circle comprised of an
outer black ring contiguous to a white ring with a pink
circle in the middle. When installed on asphalt or
other dark-colored pavements, the white ring and the
black ring are reversed, i.e., the white ring becomes
the outer ring and the black ring becomes the inner
ring. It is designated with either a number or a number
and letter. The number corresponds to the consecutive
position of the marking on the route.
2/19/04 AIM
Airport Marking Aids and Signs 2−3−11
FIG 2−3−11
Surface Painted Signs
AIM 2/19/04
2−3−12 Airport Marking Aids and Signs
2−3−5. Holding Position Markings
a. Runway Holding Position Markings. For
runways these markings indicate where an aircraft is
supposed to stop. They consist of four yellow lines
two solid, and two dashed, spaced six or twelve
inches apart and extending across the width of the
taxiway or runway. The solid lines are always on the
side where the aircraft is to hold. There are
three locations where runway holding position
markings are encountered.
1. Runway Holding Position Markings on
Taxiways. These markings identify the locations on
a taxiway where an aircraft is supposed to stop when
it does not have clearance to proceed onto the runway.
The runway holding position markings are shown in
FIG 2−3−13 and FIG 2−3−16. When instructed by
ATC “Hold short of (runway “xx”)” the pilot should
stop so no part of the aircraft extends beyond the
holding position marking. When approaching the
holding position marking, a pilot should not cross the
marking without ATC clearance at a controlled
airport or without making sure of adequate separation
from other aircraft at uncontrolled airports. An
aircraft exiting a runway is not clear of the runway
until all parts of the aircraft have crossed the
applicable holding position marking.
2. Runway Holding Position Markings on
Runways. These markings are installed on runways
only if the runway is normally used by air traffic
control for “land, hold short” operations or taxiing
operations and have operational significance only for
those two types of operations. A sign with a white
inscription on a red background is installed adjacent
to these holding position markings. (See
FIG 2−3−14.) The holding position markings are
placed on runways prior to the intersection with
another runway, or some designated point. Pilots
receiving instructions “cleared to land, runway “xx””
from air traffic control are authorized to use the entire
landing length of the runway and should disregard
any holding position markings located on the runway.
Pilots receiving and accepting instructions “cleared
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AIM航空信息手册2004上(66)
