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be retrieved from the GPS airborne database. The
database must be current. If the required positions
cannot be retrieved from the airborne database, the
substitution of GPS for ADF and/or DME is not
authorized.
(4) The aircraft GPS system must be
operated within the guidelines contained in the AFM,
AFM supplement, or pilot’s guide.
(5) The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)
must be set to terminal sensitivity (normally 1 or
1 1/4 NM) when tracking GPS course guidance in the
terminal area. This is to ensure that small deviations
from course are displayed to the pilot in order to keep
the aircraft within the smaller terminal protected
areas.
(6) Charted requirements for ADF and/or
DME can be met using the GPS system, except for use
as the principal instrument approach navigation
source.
(7) Procedures must be established for use
in the event that GPS integrity outages are predicted
or occur (RAIM annunciation). In these situations,
the flight must rely on other approved equipment; this
may require the aircraft to be equipped with
operational NDB and/or DME receivers. Otherwise,
the flight must be rerouted, delayed, canceled or
conducted VFR.
(8) For TSO−C129/129A users, any required
alternate airport must still have an approved
instrument approach procedure other than GPS that is
anticipated to be operational and available at the
estimated time of arrival, and which the aircraft is
equipped to fly. If the non−GPS approaches on which
the pilot must rely require DME or ADF, the aircraft
must be equipped with DME or ADF avionics as
appropriate.
AIM 2/19/04
1−1−32 Air Navigation Aids
NOTE−
Coincident with WAAS commissioning, the FAA will begin
removing the NA (Alternate Minimums Not Authorized)
symbol from select RNAV (GPS) and GPS approach
procedures so they may be used by approach approved
WAAS receivers at alternate airports. This does not change
the above alternate airport requirements for users of GPS
TSO−C129/129A, Airborne Supplemental Navigation
Equipment Using the Global Positioning System (GPS),
receivers.
(c) Guidance. The following provides general
guidance which is not specific to any particular
aircraft GPS system. For specific system guidance
refer to the AFM, AFM supplement, pilot’s guide, or
contact the manufacturer of your system.
(1) To determine the aircraft position
over a DME fix:
[a] Verify aircraft GPS system integrity
monitoring is functioning properly and indicates
satisfactory integrity.
[b] If the fix is identified by a five letter
name which is contained in the GPS airborne
database, you may select either the named fix as the
active GPS waypoint (WP) or the facility establishing
the DME fix as the active GPS WP.
NOTE−
When using a facility as the active WP, the only acceptable
facility is the DME facility which is charted as the one used
to establish the DME fix. If this facility is not in your
airborne database, you are not authorized to use a facility
WP for this operation.
[c] If the fix is identified by a five letter
name which is not contained in the GPS airborne
database, or if the fix is not named, you must select the
facility establishing the DME fix or another named
DME fix as the active GPS WP.
NOTE−
An alternative, until all DME sources are in the database,
is using a named DME fix as the active waypoint to identify
unnamed DME fixes on the same course and from the same
DME source as the active waypoint.
CAUTION−
Pilots should be extremely careful to ensure that correct
distance measurements are used when utilizing this
interim method. It is strongly recommended that pilots
review distances for DME fixing during preflight
preparation.
[d] If you select the named fix as your
active GPS WP, you are over the fix when the GPS
system indicates you are at the active WP.
[e] If you select the DME providing
facility as the active GPS WP, you are over the fix
when the GPS distance from the active WP equals the
charted DME value and you are on the appropriate
bearing or course.
(2) To fly a DME arc:
[a] Verify aircraft GPS system integrity
monitoring is functioning properly and indicates
satisfactory integrity.
[b] You must select, from the airborne
database, the facility providing the DME arc as the
active GPS WP.
NOTE−
The only acceptable facility is the DME facility on which
the arc is based. If this facility is not in your airborne
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AIM航空信息手册2004上(41)
