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reception altitude (MRA) of the land−based
navigation facility defining the route segment, and
guarantee standard en route obstacle clearance and
two−way communications. Air carrier operators
requiring operations specifications are authorized to
conduct operations on those routes in accordance
with FAA operations specifications.
2. The jet route system consists of jet routes
established from 18,000 feet MSL to FL 450
inclusive.
(a) These routes are depicted on Enroute
High Altitude Charts. Jet routes are depicted in black
on aeronautical charts and are identified by a “J” (Jet)
followed by the airway number (e.g., J12). Jet routes,
as VOR airways, are predicated solely on VOR or
VORTAC navigation facilities (except in Alaska).
NOTE−
Segments of jet routes in Alaska are based on L/MF
navigation aids and are charted in brown color instead of
black on en route charts.
AIM 2/17/05
5−3−6 En Route Procedures
(b) With respect to position reporting,
reporting points are designated for jet route systems.
Flights using jet routes will report over these points
unless otherwise advised by ATC.
3. Area Navigation (RNAV) Routes.
(a) Published RNAV routes, including Q−
Routes, can be flight planned for use by aircraft with
RNAV capability, subject to any limitations or
requirements noted on en route charts or by NOTAM.
(b) Unpublished RNAV routes are direct
routes, based on area navigation capability, between
waypoints defined in terms of latitude/longitude
coordinates, degree−distance fixes, or offsets from
established routes/airways at a specified distance and
direction. Radar monitoring by ATC is required on all
unpublished RNAV routes.
(c) Magnetic Reference Bearing (MRB) is the
published bearing between two waypoints on an
RNAV/GPS/GNSS route. The MRB is calculated by
applying magnetic variation at the waypoint to the
calculated true course between two waypoints. The
MRB enhances situational awareness by indicating a
reference bearing (no−wind heading) that a pilot
should see on the compass/HSI/RMI etc., when
turning prior to/over a waypoint en route to another
waypoint. Pilots should use this bearing as a reference
only, because their RNAV/GPS/GNSS navigation
system will fly the true course between the
waypoints.
b. Operation above FL 450 may be conducted on
a point-to-point basis. Navigational guidance is
provided on an area basis utilizing those facilities
depicted on the enroute high altitude charts.
c. Radar Vectors. Controllers may vector aircraft
within controlled airspace for separation
purposes, noise abatement considerations, when an
operational advantage will be realized by the pilot or
the controller, or when requested by the pilot. Vectors
outside of controlled airspace will be provided only
on pilot request. Pilots will be advised as to what the
vector is to achieve when the vector is controller
initiated and will take the aircraft off a previously
assigned nonradar route. To the extent possible,
aircraft operating on RNAV routes will be allowed to
remain on their own navigation.
d. When flying in Canadian airspace, pilots are
cautioned to review Canadian Air Regulations.
1. Special attention should be given to the parts
which differ from U.S. CFRs.
(a) The Canadian Airways Class B airspace
restriction is an example. Class B airspace is all
controlled low level airspace above 12,500 feet MSL
or the MEA, whichever is higher, within which only
IFR and controlled VFR flights are permitted. (Low
level airspace means an airspace designated and
defined as such in the Designated Airspace
Handbook.)
(b) Regardless of the weather conditions or
the height of the terrain, no person shall operate an
aircraft under VFR conditions within Class B
airspace except in accordance with a clearance for
VFR flight issued by ATC.
(c) The requirement for entry into Class B
airspace is a student pilot permit (under the guidance
or control of a flight instructor).
(d) VFR flight requires visual contact with
the ground or water at all times.
2. Segments of VOR airways and high level
routes in Canada are based on L/MF navigation aids
and are charted in brown color instead of blue on en
route charts.
2/19/04 AIM
En Route Procedures 5−3−7
FIG 5−3−1
Adhering to Airways or Routes
5−3−5. Airway or Route Course Changes
a. Pilots of aircraft are required to adhere to
airways or routes being flown. Special attention must
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AIM航空信息手册2004上(177)
