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flight deck.
• Fire extinguisher operation, if so equipped.
• All safety systems, as required.
• Use restroom before entering aircraft.
Flight Deck Management
After entering the fl ight deck, the pilot should fi rst ensure that
all necessary equipment, documents, checklists, and navigation
charts appropriate for the fl ight are on board. [Figure 5-63] If a
portable intercom, headsets, or a hand-held global positioning
system (GPS) is used, the pilot is responsible for ensuring
that the routing of wires and cables does not interfere with
the motion or the operation of any control.
Regardless of what materials are to be used, they should
be neatly arranged and organized in a manner that makes
them readily available. The fl ight deck should be checked
for articles that might be tossed about if turbulence is
encountered, and any loose items properly secured.
When the pilot is comfortably seated, the safety belt and
shoulder harness (if installed) should be fastened and adjusted
to a comfortably snug fi t. The safety belt must be worn at all
times the pilot is seated at the controls.
Checklist After Entering Flight Deck
• Seats adjusted for full operation of all controls.
• Seats locked into position.
• Put on seat belts (lap fi rst, then shoulder) and adjust
so all controls and systems can be fully operated.
• Check all control systems for proper operation.
• Check all systems operations.
• Demonstrate and practice flight and emergency
equipment and procedures.
• Demonstrate and practice what passengers can hold
onto, and what not to touch.
• Demonstrate and practice positive exchange of
controls.
• Remove safety pin for ballistic chute operation.
• Install helmet (if applicable) and headphones.
• Check intercom and radio communications systems.
• Install eye protection (safety glasses, helmet
shields).
It is important that a pilot operates an aircraft safely on the
ground. This includes being familiar with standard hand
signals that are used universally for ground operations.
[Figure 5-64]
Engine Start
The specifi c procedures for engine start vary greatly since
there are as many different methods as there are engines, fuel
systems, and starting conditions. The engine start checklist
procedures in the POH should be followed. The following
are some basic steps that apply to most aircraft:
• Key in, ignition on, master power on
• Check gauges for operation and fuel level.
• Fuel pump on (or pump fuel bulb to fi ll carburetor
bowls)
• System switches on. (Some WSC have specifi c system
switches turned on after the engine is started because
engine starting may create lower voltage possibly
damaging instruments or systems. If in doubt, start
engine and than turn on instruments and systems not
needed for starting.)
• Both ignition systems switches on
• Choke/enrichener on (or pump primer as
appropriate)
• Throttle closed
• Brakes on
• Ensure propeller area is cleared, loudly announce
to propeller area “Clear prop,” and wait for any
response.
• Start engine through pull cord start or electric start
(do not try to hand prop under any circumstances)
• Ensure the aircraft does not move, keeping hands on
ignition switches for quick shutdown, if necessary.
• Adjust throttle, choke or enrichener to keep engine
running smoothly.
5-24
Figure 5-65. Taxiing on the yellow airport taxi line.
NIGHT OPERATION
Stop Come ahead Emergency stop
Cut engines All clear (O.K.) Left turn
Start engine Pull chocks Insert Chocks
Slow down Right turn
Same hand
movements as
day operational
Figure 5-64. Hand signals for ground operations.
• Turn on electric instruments if applicable.
• Check gauges for proper ranges (oil pressure,
revolutions per minute (rpm), charging voltage, engine
temperatures within ranges, etc.)
• Continue to monitor area and shut down engine if any
person or animal approaches.
A relatively low rpm setting is recommended immediately
following engine start. This is typically a slight increase in
the throttle to keep the engine running smoothly. It is not
recommended to allow the rpm to race immediately after a
start with a cold engine, as there is insuffi cient lubrication
until the oil pressure rises on four-stroke engines, and unequal
heating on two-stroke engines. In freezing temperatures,
the engine is also exposed to potential mechanical distress
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Weight-Shift Control Aircraft Flying Handbook(63)
