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OAT
Manufacturer
Specific
Type II Fluid
Approximate Holdover Times Under Various Weather Conditions (hours:minutes)
°C °F
Concentration
Neat-Fluid/Water
(Vol. % / Vol. %)
*Frost Freezing
Fog
♦Snow ***Freezing
Drizzle
Light
Freezing
Rain
Rain on Cold
Soaked Wing
‡Other
100/0 12:00 0:35-1:30 0:20-0:55 0:30-0:55 0:15-0:30 0:05-0:40
above 0 above 32 75/25 6:00 0:25-1:00 0:15-0:40 0:20-0:45 0:10-0:25 0:05-0:25
50/50 4:00 0:15-0:30 0:05-0:15 0:05-0:15 0:05-0:10
100/0 8:00 0:35-1:30 0:20-0:45 0:30-0:55 0:15-0:30
0 to -3 32 to 27 75/25 5:00 0:25-1:00 0:15-0:30 0:20-0:45 0:10-0:25
50/50 3:00 0:15-0:30 0:05-0:15 0:05-0:15 0:05-0:10
below below 100/0 8:00 0:20-1:05 0:15-0:35 **0:15-0:45 **0:10-0:30
-3 to -14 27 to 7 75/25 5:00 0:20-0:55 0:15-0:25 **0:15-0:30 **0:10-0:20
CAUTION:
Clear ice
may require
touch for
confirmation.
CAUTION:
No holdover
time guidelines
exist.
below
-14 to -25
below
7 to -13
100/0 8:00 0:15-0:20 0:15-0:30
below
-25
below
-13
100/0
SAE Type II fluid may be used below -25°C (-13°F) provided the freezing point of the fluid is at
least 7°C (13°F) below the OAT and the aerodynamic acceptance criteria are met. Consider
use of SAE Type I fluid when SAE Type II fluid cannot be used.
°C Degrees Celsius OAT Outside Air Temperature
°F Degrees Fahrenheit Vol. Volume
RESPONSIBILITY FOR APPLICATION OF THESE DATA REMAINS WITH THE USER.
* During conditions that apply to airplane protection for ACTIVE FROST
** No holdover time guidelines exist for this condition below -10°C (14°F)
*** Use light freezing rain holdover times if positive identification of freezing drizzle is not possible
‡ Snow pellets, ice pellets, heavy snow, moderate and heavy freezing rain, hail
♦ Snow includes snow grains
CAUTION: THE TIME OF PROTECTION WILL BE SHORTENED IN HEAVY WEATHER
CONDITIONS. HEAVY PRECIPITATION RATES OR HIGH MOISTURE CONTENT,
HIGH WIND VELOCITY OR JET BLAST MAY REDUCE HOLDOVER TIME BELOW
THE LOWEST TIME STATED IN THE RANGE. HOLDOVER TIME MAY BE
REDUCED WHEN AIRPLANE SKIN TEMPERATURE IS LOWER THAN OAT.
CAUTION: SAE TYPE II FLUID USED DURING GROUND DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING IS NOT
INTENDED FOR AND DOES NOT PROVIDE PROTECTION DURING FLIGHT.
GULFSTREAM AEROSPACE
GIV AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL
ADVERSE WEATHER/ABNORMAL
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
APPENDIX E
E-28 FAA APPROVED
GIV-SP 11 October 2002
TABLE IV
Guidelines for the application of SAE Type II and Type IV fluid mixtures.
Minimum Concentrations as a Function of Outside Air Temperature (OAT)
Concentrations in % V/V
OAT One Step Process Two Step Process
De-icing / Anti-icing Step 1: De-icing Step 2: Anti-icing1
- 3°C (27°F)
and above
50/50 Heated2 Type
II/IV
Water heated or a
heated mix of Type I,
II or IV with water
50/50 Type II/IV
below - 3°C (27°F)
to - 14°C (7°F)
75/25 Heated2 Type
II/IV 75/25 Type II/IV
below - 14°C (7°F)
to - 25°C (13°F)
100/0 Heated2 Type
II/IV
Heated suitable mix of
Type I, Type II/IV and
water with FP not
more than 3°C (5°F)
above actual OAT
100/0 Type II/IV
below - 25°C (13°F) SAE Type II/IV fluid may be used below -25°C (-13°F) provided that the
freezing point of the fluid is at least 7°C (13°F) below OAT and that
aerodynamic acceptance criteria are met. Consider the use of SAE
Type I when Type II/IV fluid cannot be used (see table I).
NOTE: For heated fluids, a fluid temperature not less than 60°C (140°F) at the nozzle is desirable.
Upper temperature limit shall not exceed fluid and aircraft manufacturers recommendations.
CAUTION: WING SKIN TEMPERATURES MAY DIFFER AND IN SOME CASES MAY BE LOWER THAN
OAT. A STRONGER MIX CAN BE USED UNDER THE LATTER CONDITIONS.
CAUTION: AS FLUID FREEZING MAY OCCUR, 50/50 TYPE II OR IV FLUID SHALL NOT BE USED FOR
THE ANTI-ICING STEP OF A COLD-SOAKED WING AS INDICATED BY FROST OR ICE ON
THE LOWER SURFACE OF THE WING IN THE AREA OF THE FUEL TANK.
(1) To be applied before first step fluid freezes, typically within 3 minutes.
(2) Clean aircraft may be anti-iced with unheated fluid.
(3) Concentrations are in percent by volume (%/vol.)
°C = Degrees Celsius / °F = Degrees Fahrenheit / OAT = Outside Air Temperature
CAUTION: SAE TYPE II AND TYPE IV FLUIDS USED DURING GROUND DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING IS NOT INTENDED
FOR AND DOES NOT PROVIDE PROTECTION DURING FLIGHT.
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湾4飞机飞行手册AFM Gulfstream IV AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL 2(66)
