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IV fluids must be approved in writing by the Gulfstream Engineering Department. For
additional information regarding fluid application refer to Chapter 12 GIV Maintenance Manual.
GULFSTREAM AEROSPACE
GIV AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL
ADVERSE WEATHER/ABNORMAL
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
APPENDIX E
FAA APPROVED E-23
31 May 2001
De-icing/Anti-Icing methods include mechanical means, spraying of de-icing fluids, or a
combination of both methods. Mechanical means include brooms, brushes, squeegees, and/or
nylon ropes. De-icing fluids may either be used cold or hot. There are two (2) types of de-icing
fluids which are referred to as Freezing Point Depressant (FPD) fluids. Society of Automotive
Engineers (SAE) or International Standards Organization (ISO) Type I fluids are generally used
in North America. SAE/ISO Type II fluids, also referred to as Association of European Airlines
(AEA) fluids, are generally used in Europe.
Refer to Table I, Table III, Table V, Table VI, Table VII, Table VIII, and Table IX as appropriate,
for maximum Holdover Times prior to departure following de-icing/anti-icing with any de-icing
fluid.
GULFSTREAM AEROSPACE
GIV AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL
ADVERSE WEATHER/ABNORMAL
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
APPENDIX E
E-24 FAA APPROVED
11 October 2002
TABLE I
Guidelines for Holdover Times Anticipated for SAE Type I Fluid Mixture as a Function of
Weather Conditions and OAT.
CAUTION: THIS TABLE IS FOR USE IN DEPARTURE PLANNING ONLY AND SHOULD BE
USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH PRE-TAKEOFF CHECK PROCEDURES.
OAT Approximate Holdover Times Under Various Weather Conditions: (hours: minutes)
°C °F Frost*
Freezing
Fog
Light
Snow♦♦
Moderate
Snow♦♦
Freezing
Drizzle**
Light
Freezing
Rain
Rain on
Cold
Soaked
Wing
Other‡
-3 and 27 and 0:45 0:11 – 0:17 0:11 – 0:16 0:06 – 0:11 0:09 – 0:13 0:02 – 0:05 0:02 – 0:05
above above
below
-3 to –6
below
27 to 21
0:45 0:08 – 0:14 0:08 – 0:13 0:05 – 0:08 0:070:10 0:02 – 0:05
-7 to –10 20 to 14 0:45 0:06 – 0:10 0:06 – 0:10 0:04 – 0:06 0:05 – 0:08 0:02 – 0:05
below below
-10 14 0:45 0:05 – 0:09 0:04 – 0:06 0:02 – 0:04
CAUTION:
Clear ice
may require
touch for
confirmation.
CAUTION:
No
holdover
time
guidelines
exist.
°C Degrees Celsius OAT Outside Air Temperature
°F Degrees Fahrenheit FP Freezing Point
RESPONSIBILITY FOR APPLICATION OF THESE DATA REMAINS WITH THE USER.
* During conditions that apply to airplane protection for ACTIVE FROST
** Use light freezing rain holdover times if positive identification of freezing drizzle is not possible
‡ Heavy snow, snow pellets, ice pellets, moderate and heavy freezing rain, hail
♦♦ To use these times, the fluid must be heated to a minimum temperature of 60°C (140°F) at the
nozzle and at least 1 liter/M2 (≈ 2 gals/100 ft2) must be applied to deice surface.
SAE Type I fluid/water mixture is selected so that the FP of the mixture is at least 10°C (18°F) below
OAT.
CAUTION: THE TIME OF PROTECTION WILL BE SHORTENED IN HEAVY WEATHER
CONDITIONS. HEAVY PRECIPITATION RATES OR HIGH MOISTURE CONTENT,
HIGH WIND VELOCITY OR JET BLAST WILL REDUCE HOLDOVER TIME BELOW
THE LOWEST TIME STATED IN THE RANGE. HOLDOVER TIME MAY BE
REDUCED WHEN AIRPLANE SKIN TEMPERATURE IS LOWER THAN OAT.
CAUTION: SAE TYPE I FLUID USED DURING GROUND DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING IS NOT
INTENDED FOR AND DOES NOT PROVIDE PROTECTION DURING FLIGHT.
GULFSTREAM AEROSPACE
GIV AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL
ADVERSE WEATHER/ABNORMAL
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
APPENDIX E
FAA APPROVED E-25
11 October 2002
TABLE II
Guidelines for the application of SAE Type I fluid mixtures.
Minimum Concentrations as a Function of Outside Air Temperature(OAT)
Concentrations in % V/V
OAT One Step Process Two Step Process
De-icing / Anti-icing Step 1: De-icing Step 2: Anti-icing1
- 3°C (27°F)
and above
Water or mix of fluid
and water heated to
60°C (140°F) minimum
at the nozzle.
below
- 3°C (27°F)
Mix of fluid and water
heated to 60°C (140°F)
minimum at the nozzle,
with a freeze point of at
least 10°C (18°F)
below OAT
FP of heated fluid
mixture shall not be
more than 3°C (5°F)
above OAT
Mix of fluid and water
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