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A pattern base
storing existing patterns (mostly adapted from Caméléon)
organised according to the relation captured by the patterns (relation
type, label ...)
Marie Chagnoux, Nathalie Hernandez, Nathalie Aussenac Pattern-based Approach
State of the art
Pattern Approach Contribution
Framework
General Overview
Processing Steps
Interactive Interfaces
Overview on the relation identification process
Pattern
Base
Ontology Integration
∂REL(Ci, Cj) Watson
tagged
text
Pattern Matching
Rel(ti, tj)
Relation Proposal
REL
Pattern Proposal
PRELi
Ontology enrichment Pattern Base enrichment
Identified Relation Unknow Relation
Concept Identification
RELC(Ci, Cj)
For each pair of distinct ontology concepts (ci ,cj ), we look for each sentence
s containing ti ,tj (labels of ci and cj defined in the lexicon of the ontology).
If a base pattern PRELi can be matched
on the sentence s, we store the relation
REL , RELc (ci , cj ) and s.
Else, we search for a relation that could
be defined in an existing ontology. If
such a relation is found, we store
RELnew , RELc
new (ci , cj ) and s.
Marie Chagnoux, Nathalie Hernandez, Nathalie Aussenac Pattern-based Approach
State of the art
Pattern Approach Contribution
Framework
General Overview
Processing Steps
Interactive Interfaces
Relation proposal
Pattern
Base
Ontology Integration
∂REL(Ci, Cj) Watson
tagged
text
Pattern Matching
Rel(ti, tj)
Relation Proposal
REL
Pattern Proposal
PRELi
Ontology enrichment Pattern Base enrichment
Identified Relation Unknow Relation
Concept Identification
RELC(Ci, Cj)
1 Detection of co-occurring concepts (ci , cj )
in sentences but no relations extracted
after pattern matching
2 Search for a relation between the
concepts in an existing ontology
3 Proposition of the relation RELnew
between (ci , cj )
Example between the concepts “Person” and “Company”
“Airbus Names New Chief
Managers for A380, A320
Programs”
“ Aircraft maker Airbus has
named Mario Heinen senior vice
president and chief manager of
the A380 aircraft program”
“Laurence Barron, the vice senior
president of Airbus”
=> Watson proposes the
“Work_for” relation.
Marie Chagnoux, Nathalie Hernandez, Nathalie Aussenac Pattern-based Approach
State of the art
Pattern Approach Contribution
Framework
General Overview
Processing Steps
Interactive Interfaces
Pattern proposal
Propositon of a set of patterns
Analysis of each sentence containing a concept pair RELnew (ci , cj )
Proposition of patterns according to each element known by the system
(grammatical category, semantic category or lemma).
“Work_for”
“Airbus Names New Chief Managers for A380, A320 Programs”
“ Aircraft maker Airbus has named Mario Heinen senior vice president and chief manager of the
A380 aircraft program”
Proposed patterns :
1 X name Y
2 X name (NP) ? (NP) ? Y
3 X (VB=choose) Y
4 X (MD) ? (VB=choose) Y
5 X name NE_Person Y (with NE_Person semantic class of Named Person)
Marie Chagnoux, Nathalie Hernandez, Nathalie Aussenac Pattern-based Approach
State of the art
Pattern Approach Contribution
Framework
General Overview
Processing Steps
Interactive Interfaces
The ontologist’s validation (1)
Relation validation
Relation validation :
1 For each relation detected (REL and RELnew ), the system displays
the relation labels
the pair of concepts related
the sentences where they occur.
2 The user can either decide to
add the relation between ci and cj
add the relation between an ancestor of ci and an ancestor of cj
add the relation between a concept linked to ci in the ontology and a
concept linked to ci
reject the relation for the pair
Marie Chagnoux, Nathalie Hernandez, Nathalie Aussenac Pattern-based Approach
State of the art
Pattern Approach Contribution
Framework
General Overview
Processing Steps
Interactive Interfaces
The ontologist’s validation (2)
Pattern validation
1 For each new relation RELnew , the sytem displays the relation and all the
pairs of concepts RELc
new (ci , cj ).
2 The user is asked to validate the relevance of the relation.
3 If he validates the relation, the system proposes the set of patterns
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