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Encounters: Estimating Collision Risk, Near Miss and Conflict Rates
in ATC Operations," Cambridge: MIT Flight Transportation Laboratory,
July 1988, FTL Report R-88-4.
HV. Simpson, Robert W., "Chapter 3: Encounter Models - Uncontrolled Flow
of Air Traffic," (draft of 12/28/90) in Air Traffic Control
Engineering (draft manuscript), Cambridge: (formerly MIT, now Flight
Transportation Associates)
SEPARATION SAFETY MODELING
B-38
1. This is a rather mathematical treatment of the kinematics of an
encounter, some probability theory, and the application of both to
encounter models.
HW. Sinah, Agam N., Monica S. Alcabin, and John E. Lebron, "Perspective
on the Role of System Level Modeling and Simulation in Achieving the
Future NAS Vision," McLean, VA: MITRE/CAASD
http://www.caasd.org/html_files/MP93W49/MP93W49.html
HX. Slater, K. and F. Cusden, "A Preliminary Assessment of a Methodology
for Assessing NERC Surveillance System Separation Minima," CS Report
9420, Civil Aviation Authority, London, April 1994.
HY. Slater, K., "An Analysis of Bias Errors for the Proposed Composite
Radar Boundary in the TC Welin and Cowley Sectors," Civil Aviation
Authority, London, 1995. R&D Report 9602, Civil Aviation Authority,
London, January 1996.
1. Topic: Empirical or semi-empirical expressions
HZ. Smith, E.J., "Hazard Analysis of Route Separation Standards for
EUROCONTROL," DNV Technica, 1994.
IA. Smith, E. J., "Hazard Analysis of Route Separation Standards for
European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation," EUROCONTROL,
C4508-1, DNV Technica, February 1996
1. Topic:General Risk Estimation Methodologies
IB. Software safety: (no formal title) - Formal methods and software
safety comp.software-eng archive file "safety" last; changed 31 Jul
1993 This file contains information on the following...;
--http://dxsting.cern.ch/sting/comp.software-eng/safety.txt
1. This internet file is mainly a discussion of software safety and
formal methods for ensuring same.
IC. Sorensen, J. A., M. M. Shen, and G. C. Hunter, "Analysis of Final
Approach Spacing Requirements, Part I," San Jose, CA: Seagull
Technology, Inc., Report 91112-01, 1991.
ID. Sorensen, J.A., et. al., "Horizontal Collision Avoidance Systems
Study," Systems Control, Inc., FAA Report RD 73-203 (TSC-73-36),
1973, AD/A-004 536
APPENDIX B
BIBLIOGRAPHY
B-39
1. Results of an analytical study of the merits and requirements of
collision avoidance systems which operate chiefly by commanding
horizontal maneuvers.
IE. Steingr¡mur, P ll K rason, "A Model for the Estimation of Airplane
Collision Risk" (Thesis), Reykjav¡k,Iceland: University of Iceland,
1991 ?
IF. Stengel, R. (1995). "Suggested Revisions to the Aircraft Wake Vortex
Separation Standards," Princeton, NJ: Princeton University, 1995.
[Presented at the FAA/Industry Wake Vortex Program Review. January
17-18, 1996, Cambridge, MA.]
IG. Stepner, D.E., "Modeling of Aircraft position Errors with independent
Surveillance," AIAA Paper 73-162, 1973
1. In order to reduce present air traffic standards, a quantitative
measure of the safety level of a particular air route structure
must be established. The most important factor in determining
route safety is the distribution of aircraft position errors about
their intended tracks.
IH. Stewart, E. C., "A Study of the Interaction between A Wake Vortex and
an Encountering Airplane," AIAA Paper No. 93-3642, August 1993.
II. Swedish, W. J., "Evaluation of the Potential for Reduced Longitudinal
Spacing on Final Approach," McLean, VA: The MITRE Corporation, Report
No. MTR-79W00280, 1979. Prepared for US DOT/FAA/Report No.
FAA-EM-79-7.
IJ. "Systems Safety Description of a Flight Operation," [author unknown],
circa 1973
IK. Technologie France Number 11 (English version). Summary: Interview.
Marianne Grunberg Manago, President of the Academy of Science
Prospects. A strategic research guidance..
http://www.adit.fr/Produits/TF/Anciens/TF11a.html
IL. "The Tolerability of Risk from Nuclear Power Stations," Health and
Safety Executive, Revised Edition, London: HMSO:1992.
1. Topic: Risk Tolerability
IM. Thomas, Ralph E. and Loren J. Rosenthal, "Probability Distributions
of Altitude Deviations," Moffett Field, CA: NASA Ames Research
SEPARATION SAFETY MODELING
B-40
Center, NASA Contractor Report No. 166339, June 1982
IN. Thompson, S.D., "Terminal Area Separation Standards: Historical
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a concept paper for separation safety modeling(85)
