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When Departing a Nontowered Airport
A balloon pilot departing a nontowered airport should make a call on the field’s UNICOM or CTAF (Common Traffic Advisory Frequency), both of which are generally shown on the appropriate sectional chart. The pilot should state his or her location and intentions, as a “self-announce” advisory, so that other air traffic in the area is aware of the operation.
Example: “Williamson traffic, balloon 3584 Golf departing the grass near hanger 12 to the east.”
When Approaching a Nontowered Airport
If an approach to a nontowered airport is conducted, with the intent to land, the pilot should again “self-announce” on the appropriate UNICOM frequency or CTAF. The current location should be stated, as well as the pilot’s intentions.
Example: “Air Acres traffic, balloon 3584 Golf approaching from the west for landing at the departure end of the runway.”
When Transiting a Nontowered Facility
If flight in the vicinity of a nontowered airport is likely, with no intent to land at the airfield, it is appropriate to let other aircraft in the area know the intentions, particularly if there is the possibility of interfering with the traffic pattern.
Example: “Enterprise traffic, balloon 7510 Delta at 700 feet, transiting from east to west along the north boundary of the field, no landing.”
When Approaching Controlled Airspace
When approaching controlled airspace, and it appears that entry into the airspace is likely (or desired), the balloon pilot should contact the appropriate approach control with enough time to execute a landing, should entry be denied. Remember that a balloon usually does not have the option of turning around.Phonetic Alphabet
The ICAO, of which the United States is a member, has adopted a phonetic alphabet, which should be used in radio communications as necessary. When communicating with air traffic control facilities, pilots should use this alphabet to identify their aircraft. [Figure 5-15]
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Light Gun Signals
Color and type of signalAircraft on the groundAircraft in flightSteady greenSteady redFlashing redAlternating red and greenCleared for takeoffStopTaxi clear of the runway in useExercise extreme cautionCleared to landGive way to other aircraft andcontinue circlingAirport unsafe, do not landExercise extreme caution
Figure 5-18. Light gun signals.
Many balloon pilots fly for years without using a radio of any kind. Using an aircraft radio is not a difficult task, and, with practice, can provide a more enjoyable flight. Most ATCs express an interest in balloons, and go out of their way to assist balloon pilots in accomplishing their flight safely.
Chapter Summary
At first glance, the NAS appears to be a complex arena in which to operate such a simple aircraft. This chapter simplifies the airspace to the reader, and makes it readily apparent that it is possible to operate a hot air balloon safely, without causing conflict.
Simple courtesy and common sense goes a long way in airspace operations. A complete and thorough understanding of the airspace, combined with good decision-making, will allow the pilot to do what he or she wishes, with recognition of the needs of other users of the sky.
Example: “Huntsville Approach, balloon 903 Hotel Delta, at 3,000.”
The approach control facility (in this example, Huntsville Approach) will either reply by saying, “Aircraft calling Huntsville Approach, standby”, in which case the balloon pilot does not have a clearance to enter the airspace; or, approach will reply, saying “Balloon 903 Hotel Delta, Huntsville, standby.” In this case, the aircraft call sign was used, and the pilot may enter the airspace. Further communication may continue until the balloon has either landed or cleared the airspace.
In the event that radio communication has failed, or that no radio is available in the balloon, and continued flight into the immediate vicinity of an towered airport facility cannot be avoided, control towers have a “light gun” available. This device, which looks like an oversized flare gun, allows tower personnel to “shoot” a directed beam of light at an approaching aircraft, and may signal field availability options to the approaching balloon. [Figure 5-16]
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6-1
Introduction
This chapter introduces inflation and launch of the balloon. It also provides useful information on checklists, crew and crew management, false lift, and landowner relations.Preflight Operations
The preflight, as an aeronautical term, is generally agreed to be the airworthiness check of an aircraft immediately before flight. In the broadest sense, preflight is everything accomplished in preparation for a flight. In this chapter, preflight operations occur at the balloon launch site, up to and including the preflight inspection.
Layout To Launch
Chapter 6
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Balloon Flying Handbook(71)
