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Repairman certificate. An FAA certificate issued to a person who is employed by a repair station or air carrier as a specialist in some form of aircraft maintenance. A repairman certificate is also issued to an eligible person who is the primary builder of an experimental aircraft, to which the privileges of the certificate are applicable.
Required equipment. Equipment that must be aboard an aircraft, as required either by the FAA or balloon manufacturer, to maintain airworthiness.
Restricted area. Airspace of defined dimensions within which the flight of aircraft is restricted in accordance with certain conditions.
Return to service. A certificated mechanic or authorized inspector must approve an aircraft for return to service after it has been inspected, repaired, or altered. In addition, an aircraft that has been modified must be test flown by an appropriately certificated pilot before return to service.
Ridge. In weather, an elongated area of high pressure with no rotative motion.
Rip panel. A deflation panel, usually circular or triangular, at the top of a balloon envelope, which may be opened by pulling a line in the basket to allow hot air or gas to escape, and the envelope to deflate.
Rotator vent. See Turning Vent.
Rotor. May be found embedded in mountain waves. Formation usually occurs where wind speeds change in a wave, or where friction slows the wind near the ground. See Figure 4-22 of this handbook for a graphical representation of rotors.
Sectional chart. Published on a routine basis, these charts are similar to automobile road maps, and provide useful information regarding airspace, reference points, tower frequencies, etc., to a balloon pilot. They are generally not very helpful for navigation, as the scale, 1:500,000, is too small to be of use to the balloon pilot.
SIGMET. Significant Meteorological Information.
G-8
Single Pilot Resource Management. A variant of the crew resource management model that is or more practical application to the balloon pilot. Defined as the “art and science of managing all resources available to the single pilot to ensure the successful outcome of the flight.”
Skew-T plot. In weather, a graphic depiction of the data received from a radiosonde.
Small aircraft. Aircraft having a maximum certificated takeoff weight of 12,500 pounds or less. All currently type-certificated balloons are small aircraft.
Serial number (S/N). A number, usually one of a series, assigned for identification.
Step descent. A method of allowing a balloon to lower toward the ground by reducing the altitude, leveling off, and repeating the step, to lower the balloon in increments rather than one continuous motion.
Superheat. A gas balloon term, superheat occurs when the sun heats the gas inside the envelope to a temperature exceeding that of the ambient air, resulting in expansion of the gas.
Superpressure balloon. (1) A type of hot air balloon which has no openings to the atmosphere—the mouth is sealed with a special skirt—and is kept pumped full of air (at a higher pressure than the atmosphere) by an on-board fan. Used on moored balloons to allow operations in relatively strong wind. (2) In gas ballooning, a sealed envelope in which the internal envelope pressure exceeds that of a non-sealed envelope.
Suspension lines. Lines descending from the mouth of a balloon envelope from which the basket and heater are suspended.
Syllabus. An abstract or digest of training. It is intended to be a summary of a course of training, and should be brief, yet comprehensive enough to cover essential information.
Telling and Doing Technique. A four-step process teaching process particularly well suited to teaching physical skills.
Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF). TAFs are valid for a 24-hour time period, and are updated four times daily. The TAF reporting system uses the same abbreviations as used in METAR reports.
Temperature gauge. The thermometer system, required in all type-certificated hot air balloons, that gives a constant reading of the inside air temperature at the top of the envelope. May be direct reading or remote, using a thermocouple or thermistor connected to a gauge in the basket or reading signals sent by a transmitter.
Temperature recorder. A small plastic laminate with temperature-sensitive paint dots that turn from white or silver to black, to record permanently the maximum temperature reached.
Tensile strength. The strength of a material that resists the stresses of trying to stretch or lengthen it.
Terminal velocity descent. A term used by balloonists for the speed obtained when the balloon is allowed to fall until it apparently stops accelerating, at which point the envelope acts as a parachute and its vertical speed is no longer affected by its lifting gas, but only by its shape (which is caused by design), load, and other factors.
Tethering. Operation of a manned balloon secured to the ground by a series of lines.
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Balloon Flying Handbook(149)
