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When looking slightly off center, it becomes clearer and brighter. Refer to Figure 9-8. When looking directly at an object, the image is focused mainly on the fovea, where detail is best seen. At night, the ability to see an object in the center of the visual field is reduced as the cones lose much of their sensitivity and the rods become more sensitive. Looking off
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surroundings is lost. If those surroundings include people, a potentially dangerous situation can ensue. Closing one eye during a burn and not looking at the burner flame will minimize this momentary blindness.
Diet and general physical health have an impact on how well a pilot can see in the dark. Deficiencies in vitamins A and C have been shown to reduce night visual acuity. Other factors, such as carbon monoxide poisoning, smoking, alcohol, certain drugs, and a lack of oxygen also can greatly decrease night vision.
Chapter Summary
Balloon pilots and glider pilots are unique in that they “self-certify” they are physically fit to conduct flight duties. This is an individual responsibility and must not be abused. The ability to “self-certify” becomes particularly problematic after the balloon pilot has had a major medical issue arise, such as a heart attack, angina, major surgery, and other items in this category. While they may be perfectly capable of piloting a balloon after triple bypass surgery, for example, it may not be the recommended course of action.
The best recommendation is to be aware of the provisions of 14 CFR part 61. If a medical issue may be medically disqualifying for other pilots, the balloon pilot would be well advised to consult with an AME, and obtain recommendations on how best to proceed.
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10-1
As previously discussed in Chapter 1, commercially rated balloon pilots have the additional responsibility and privilege of providing instruction to aspiring student pilots, without the benefit of having a certified flight instructor (CFI) rating. This is unique to balloon pilots, as all other aircraft pilots require instruction by a CFI in order to achieve their certificate.Flight training, whether in an airplane, helicopter, or a balloon, should be conducted in a complete and thorough manner in order to prepare the student pilot to safely conduct flight operations throughout the entire spectrum of scenarios. An ill-prepared instructor can produce only an ill-prepared student. A well-prepared instructor produces a well-prepared student, and he or she reaps the additional benefit of showing the student how instruction should be conducted. That pilot, in later stages, reflects on his or her own training and probably conducts future training in the same manner.
The flight instructor is the central figure in aviation training and is responsible for all phases of required training. The instructor must be fully qualified as an aviation professional; however, the instructor’s ability must go far beyond this if the requirements of professionalism are to be met. Although the word “professionalism” is widely used, it is rarely defined. In fact, no single definition can encompass all of the qualifications and considerations that must be present before true professionalism can exist.
The Instructional Process
Chapter 10
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Figure 10-1. The four main responsibilities for flight instructors.
Helping students lear
nProviding adequate instructionDemanding adequate standards of performanceEmphasizing the positive
When discussing professionalism, most conversations omit any reference to the accountability of the instructor. An individual who takes on the responsibility of providing flight instruction must realize that they have a significant influence on the habits and actions of the student as a pilot. All of the student’s impressions and perceptions towards the flight experience, balloon operations, and, most importantly, safety is drawn from the instructor’s methods. It becomes imperative that the instructor understand that he or she, by default, actively and passively contributes to the future actions of the student and should make every effort to provide the most thorough training experience possible. It can be said that many students become “clones” of their instructor.
Though not all inclusive, the following list gives some major considerations and qualifications that should be included in the definition of professionalism.
• Professionalism exists only when a service is performed for someone or for the common good.
• Professionalism is achieved only after extended training and preparation.
• True performance as a professional is based on study and research.
• Professionalism requires the ability to make good judgment decisions. Professionals cannot limit their actions and decisions to standard patterns and practices.
• Professionalism demands a code of ethics. Professionals must be true to themselves and to those they serve. Anything less than a sincere performance is quickly detected by the student and immediately destroys instructor effectiveness.
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Balloon Flying Handbook(112)
