TBL ENR 4.1.5
GPS Approval Required/Authorized Use
Equipment Type1 Installation Approval Required Operational Approval Required IFR En Route2 IFR Terminal2 IFR Approach3 Oceanic Remote In Lieu of ADF and/or DME3
Hand held4 X5
VFR Panel Mount4 X
IFR En Route and Terminal X X X X X
IFR Oceanic/ Remote X X X X X X
IFR En Route, Terminal, and Approach X X X X X X
NOTE.
1To determine equipment approvals and limitations, refer to the AFM, AFM supplements, or pilot guides.
2Requires verification of data for correctness if database is expired.
3Requires current database or verification that the procedure has not been amended since the expiration of the database.
4VFR and hand.held GPS systems are not authorized for IFR navigation, instrument approaches, or as a primary instrument
flight reference. During IFR operations they may be considered only an aid to situational awareness.
5Hand.held receivers require no approval. However, any aircraft modification to support the hand.held receiver;
i.e., installation of an external antenna or a permanent mounting bracket, does require approval.
Federal Aviation Administration Twentieth Edition
18.5.3 The GPS Approach Overlay Program is an authorization for pilots to use GPS avionics under IFR for flying designated nonprecision instrument approach procedures, except LOC, LDA, and simplified directional facility (SDF) procedures. These procedures are now identified by the name of the procedure and “or GPS” (e.g., VOR/DME or GPS RWY 15). Other previous types of overlays have either been converted to this format or replaced with stand.alone procedures. Only approaches contained in the current onboard navigation database are authorized. The navigation database may contain information about nonoverlay approach procedures that is intended to be used to enhance position orientation, generally by providing a map, while flying these approaches using conventional NA-VAIDs. This approach information should not be confused with a GPS overlay approach (see the receiver operating manual, AFM, or AFM Supple-ment for details on how to identify these approaches in the navigation database).
NOTE.
Overlay approaches are predicated upon the design criteria of the ground.based NAVAID used as the basis of the approach. As such, they do not adhere to the design criteria described in Section ENR 1.5, paragraph 12.11, Area Navigation (RNAV) Instrument Approach Charts, for stand.alone GPS approaches.
18.5.4 GPS IFR approach operations can be conducted as soon as proper avionics systems are installed and the following requirements are met:
18.5.4.1 The authorization to use GPS to fly instrument approaches is limited to U.S. airspace.
18.5.4.2 The use of GPS in any other airspace must be expressly authorized by the FAA Administrator.
18.5.4.3 GPS instrument approach operations out-side the U.S. must be authorized by the appropriate sovereign authority.
18.6 Equipment and Database Requirements
18.6.1 Authorization to fly approaches under IFR using GPS avionics systems requires that:
18.6.1.1 A pilot use GPS avionics with TSO.C.129, or equivalent, authorization in class A1, B1, B3, C1, or C3.
18.6.1.2 All approach procedures to be flown must be retrievable from the current airborne navigation database supplied by the TSO.C.129 equipment manufacturer or other FAA approved source. The system must be able to retrieve the procedure by name from the aircraft navigation database, not just as a manually entered series of waypoints.
18.6.1.3 Prior to using a procedure or waypoint retrieved from the airborne navigation database, the pilot should verify the validity of the database. This verification should include the following preflight and in.flight steps:
a) Preflight:
1) Determine the date of database issuance, and verify that the date/time of proposed use is before the expiration date/time.
2) Verify that the database provider has not published a notice limiting the use of the specific waypoint or procedure.
b) Inflight:
1) Determine that the waypoints and transition names coincide with names found on the procedure chart. Do not use waypoints, which do not exactly match the spelling shown on published procedure charts.
2) Determine that the waypoints are generally logical in location, in the correct order, and that their orientation to each other is as found on the procedure chart, both laterally and vertically.
NOTE.
There is no specific requirement to check each waypoint latitude and longitude, type of waypoint and/or altitude constraint, only the general relationship of waypoints in the procedure, or the logic of an individual waypoint’s location.
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