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6.3 Ground Based Systems – VDF/DDF/IDF 6.12 Satellite-Based Navigation Systems -
6.4 Ground Based Systems – VOR Modernized GPS
6.5 Ground Based Systems – DME 6.13 Satellite-Based Navigation Systems -
6.6 Ground Based Systems – ILS Galileo
6.7 Ground Based Systems – MLS 6.14 Satellite-Based Navigation Systems -
6.8 Satellite-Based Navigation Systems – GNSS2
GNSS 1 6.15 On Board Navigation Architecture
6.9 Satellite-Based Navigation Systems –
GBAS
6.16 Display Systems
6.17 Inertial Navigation
6.10 Satellite-Based Navigation Systems –
SBAS
6.18 Vertical Navigation
6.19 Safety Attitude and Functional Safety
6.20 Health and Safety
Advance first edition (unedited) version – 30 August 2009
68
Topic Intermediate Objectives
The students should be able to:
Level Content
Chapter 5 - Radio Navigation Aids
6.1 NAV Concepts
1. Operational 1) State, define and explain the main 1/2 Accuracy, Circular Error Probable
Requirements performance of a navigation (CEP), RMS, 2DRMS, Spherical
system Error Probable (SEP), etc.,
integrity, availability, continuity of
services, coverage, robustness,
Time To First Fix (TTFF), etc.
2) Describe and explain the links 2 Sole means, primary means,
between performance and type of
navigation system
supplementary means
3) Describe and explain the
dependency of performance and
the phases of flight
2 ICAO standards table
2. Required 1) State, define and explain the RNP 1/2 Risk of collision, target level of
Navigation
Performance
(RNP)
concept safety (TLS), confinement area
2) Describe the standard values of 2 RNP4, RNP1, ICAO and
RNP Eurocontrol tables
3) Demonstrate general awareness 0 Required Communication
of the potential extension of the Performances (RCP), Required
RNP concept Surveillance Performances
(RSP), Required Global
Performances (RGP)
3. Area Navigation 1) State, describe and explain the 1/2 ICAO and Eurocontrol
Concept (RNAV) navigation area concept documents, operational impact on
national and transition airspace
2) Describe the standard values of 2 Basic-RNAV (B-RNAV) and
RNAV precision RNAV (P-RNAV)
3) Describe the implementation 2 ICAO plan, regional plan, national
plans for RNAV plan
6.2 Ground Based Systems - NDB/Locator
1. Use of the System 1) Explain the operational use of 2 En route, terminal area,
NDB procedures
2) Theorize the principles of NDB 5 Relative bearing, measuring
method
3) Explain the advantages of NDB 2 Simplicity, cost, coverage
4) Explain the disadvantages of NDB 2 Lack of accuracy, lack of integrity,
sensitivity to interference
5) Describe the current situation 2 Density of NDB in use in Europe,
percentage of equipped aircraft
6) Describe the role of NDB
according to European navigation
strategy
2 NDB not part of RNAV
Advance first edition (unedited) version – 30 August 2009
69
Topic Intermediate Objectives
The students should be able to:
Level Content
2. Ground Station 1) Draw and explain the block 1/2 Electronic cabinet, antennas,
Architecture diagram of a generic NDB ground power supply, remote controls
station and monitoring
2) Design a NDB station according to 4 Coverage, identification code,
operational requirements VOR backup, double beacon
approach
3. Transmitter Sub 1) Analyze main signal parameters 4 Carrier frequency stability, output
System power, controls
2) Perform the typical measurements 3 Power measurements, spectrum
on the main signal parameters measurements
4. Antenna Sub 1) Explain and describe antenna 2 Impedance, polar diagram,
System parameters for NDB polarization, types of antennas
2) Calculate the interface between 3 Standing Waves Ratio (SWR),
power stage and the antenna
(tuning coil)
radiated power
5. Implementation 1) Verify the impact of the 3 En route, terminal requirements
requirements on the choice of the
ground station location
procedures
2) Check the conformity of the
system to ITU
3 ITU regulation, ICAO Annex 10
3) Check the conformity to national
regulations
3 National regulations
6. On Board 1) Describe the on-board equipment 2 Receiver, antenna, pilot check
Equipment (ADF) and the current procedures
2) Describe the various HMI 2 ADF indicator, RMI, HIS, ND
7. Compliance with 1) Define the global performance 1 Coverage, accuracy, availability of
Standards the system, integrity, continuity
2) Perform typical measurements 3 Spectrum analysis, modulation,
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Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel (ATSEP)(35)
