曝光台 注意防骗
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money, you should find them more
than interested. More importantly, it
stops you being away getting fuel
when an accident happens. A
handheld radio is also useful, for
keeping in touch with the ground
crews when the helicopter is shut
down, and for you to call for help
with when you see a bear tying a
large bib round its neck.
The key to getting out of a confined
area is to get as much climb as
possible going before you start to
lose ground effect at approximately
1 rotor diameter. Hover low to start
with, so you have more power
available to initiate a good climb (use
all the power you have). Once
established in the (vertical) climb,
the same power is used to maintain
it, since it takes more to accelerate in
the first place.
Finally, bear in mind that all your
passengers will be competent
professionals in their own field and
will be used to helicopters, probably
flying with several companies aside
from yours. All they will be
interested in is safe transport, so give
them a smooth flight and a good
briefing. Word gets around.
Avalanche Control
This involves applying explosive
charges to selected places in an
avalanche start zone, so you need
permission to carry Dangerous
Goods. You must be precise, and
there will be a qualified Blaster
(Bombardier) on board to dispense
the explosives, who will have a body
harness secured to the helicopter in
two places – it must not have a
quick-release mechanism. The doors
will be off, so you need to dress
properly and watch your speeds and
C of G, especially lateral. In fact, the
weight of explosives and people
required for the job must not be
more than 75% of the useful
payload. Ski baskets, or any other
restrictions to dropping must be
removed beforehand.
The area should naturally be closed.
Primers must be prepared before
entering the aircraft and pull-wires
carried separately – none are to be
adjusted inside, and they are to
remain in the same container at all
times. Only the explosives to be
used on a particular sector should be
carried, and they must be pushed
away from the bombardier’s seat
position where you can see them,
not above, behind or below. You
have 90 seconds after dropping the
first bomb to do the rest before you
must pull away to a safe area for
88 The Helicopter Pilot’s Handbook
observation. If there is no assistant,
that is, just you and the bombardier
are on board, you can only drop
three charges anyway.
Aerial Harvesting
Removing tree crowns or cones
from standing trees with a
helicopter, for monitoring the
progress of growth, insect or disease
infestation, and pesticide or fertiliser
trails. There are two ways of doing it.
The first involves an unmanned
device underneath the machine
which uses the downwash to
separate foliage from the tree, which
ends up in the device. A Branch
Collector cuts branches from the main
stem, a Rake collects cones by
stripping them from the foliage with
stationary or moving tines, and a Top
Collector takes away the upper portion
of the tree crown.
The second is really aerial clipping,
since it is done by someone from the
rear door with an battery-powered
electric chainsaw while you hover
near the top of the tree. Whatever is
cut ends up in the helicopter, so
there is a barrier between the two
parts of the cabin so you don’t get a
bump on the head. Believe it or not,
this was originally done with a steel
box with retractable doors, the edges
of which cut the tree as the box was
lifted up from it, but it proved to be
slow and cumbersome, and strained
the equipment too much.
As well as the clipper, there is a
navigator to tell you where to fly,
since you will be busy enough at that
level. Don’t expect to fly more than
6 hours a day, or in wind over 15 kts.
The aircraft itself must be on low
skids, with no bear paws, or items
that can get caught. You yourself
must be an ace at long-lining, with at
least 1000 hours on type.
You start off with a hover
somewhere between 25-50 feet
above the trees concerned, using up
to 85% torque, so you’ve got a
reserve. Keep them between your
right shoulder and just forward of
the front edge of the front door.
Then descend to within eye level of
the target, always being aware that
trees sway in the wind and you can
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The Helicopter Pilot’s Handbook(59)
