曝光台 注意防骗
网曝天猫店富美金盛家居专营店坑蒙拐骗欺诈消费者
West Drayton will start tracing
action. Tel: 01895 445566.
The initial report should be
confirmed within 7 days on Form
CA 1094. The CAA is obliged to
issue a press statement following any
Airprox involving a Commercial Air
Transport aircraft, which is initiated
by the first report to ATS. If you
decide not to proceed, the ATS unit
who took the initial call must be
informed as soon as possible.
Birdstrikes
Prevention is better than cure, and
you may like to avoid birds as much
as possible, although some stroppy
pheasants have been known to
attack aircraft lining up on the
runway. Notification of permanent
or seasonal concentrations of birds
are sometimes issued in NOTAMs.
Otherwise, keep away from bird
sanctuaries or other areas where they
may be expected, such as along
shorelines or rivers in Autumn or
Spring—migrating birds use line
features for navigation as well, but
they don't necessarily keep 300m to
the right. Gulls seem to be struck the
most often, and they hang around
the seaside or rubbish tips.
Most birdstrikes happen between
July-October, during daylight hours,
hitting mainly engines and
windshields. Noticeably fewer occur
at height, so try to fly as high as
possible, certainly above 1500 or
even 3000 ft (40% of strikes occur
on the ground, or during takeoff and
landing. 15% occur up to about 100’
agl. The highest so far hit a DC-8 at
FL 390). Also, the lower you go, the
slower you should be. Avoid high
speed descent and approach—half
the speed means a quarter of the
impact energy. A short delay on the
approach could mean the clearance
of a group of birds, as they do move
in waves. Groups of birds will
usually break away downwards from
anything hazardous, so try to fly
upwards if possible. You could also
use landing lights to make yourself
more visible. Avoid freshly ploughed
or harvested fields, and beware of
updraughts in mountainous areas,
where the birds will be trying to get
some free lift. Birds are most active
at dawn and dusk.
The impact force from a bird
increases with the square of the
speed—at 110 kts, the impact from a
1 lb bird can exceed 1200 lbs
sq/inch (the force is actually
determined by the square of your
speed multiplied by the mass of the
bird). The problem is that, below a
certain weight of aircraft, the
windshield will only be designed to
keep out rain and insects. However,
a hot windshield is more pliable and
less susceptible to shattering if it gets
hit—some aircraft require these to
be on for take-off and landing, but if
there is nothing in the flight manual
about the optimum warmup time,
use 15 minutes.
Overheating is as bad as
underheating, so be wary if your
aircraft has been left in the sun a
long time. If you get a birdstrike,
stop and inspect the damage
Accidents & Occurences 173
immediately. If you can't, make sure
you have controllability before trying
to land again—fly the aircraft first.
In the report, you will be asked what
the species is (or was), and if unsure,
you're invited to parcel up the
remains and send them to the
Aviation Bird Unit, whose telephone
number is (01483) 232581, but what
the Post Office think of that idea, I
don't know (talking of which, I’m
told that at one time you used to be
able to send game birds with just a
label, provided they weren’t leaking).
Wake Turbulence
Reports should be sent to the Wake
Vortex Incident Scientific Group at the
Air Traffic Control Evaluation Unit
at Bournemouth International
Airport. Tel: 01202 472340 Fax:
01202 472236.
Confidential Human Factors
Incident Report (CHIRPS)
Reports of incidents or occurrences
involving human factors and/or
errors which should remain
confidential should be sent to the
Defence Research Agency (DRA)
Centre for Human Studies at
Farnborough. Tel: 01252 392654 or
394375.
Investigation/Rectification
away from Base
You may carry out an investigation
or minor rectification under base
engineers, such as examination and
cleaning of a magnetic plug
following a chip warning. In such
cases the ANO requires details to be
given to the CAA within 10 days,
namely:
· Date and time of occurrence
· Type and registration of aircraft
· Name of aircraft Commander
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