曝光台 注意防骗
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see where you're going).
Note: An approach ban does not
apply in the UK when, on a training
flight, the Captain elects to make a
letdown followed by a Missed
Approach procedure having first
declared such intention. Neither
does it apply where the reported
cloud base is below Decision
height—you may approach and
descend to DH to assess the cloud
base for yourself, but only twice.
Glossary 325
Except in emergency, you may not
make a further attempt unless the
controlling authority has reported a
significant improvement.
Approach to landing
That portion of the flight where the
aircraft is descending below 1000
feet above the Decision Height for
that particular landing.
APU
A turbine engine used as a power
source for generators, hydraulic
pumps and other accessories and/or
provide compressed air for
pneumatic systems.
Avoid Curve
A graph relating to helicopter
performance showing combinations
of speed and height where it is
dangerous to fly, being a function of
blade pitch angle—if you're in flat
pitch, it doesn't exist. It is actually a
diagram in the Flight Manual of a
helicopter showing safe
combinations of speed and height
from which an autorotation can
safely be made or, conversely, from
which they can’t, covering level
flight, takeoff and high speed. Flight
in the “avoid” areas should be
minimised. It is established by
manufacturers’ test pilots making a
series of autorotations and
confirmed by certifying authorities.
Balanced Field Length
The distance within which an aircraft
can either accelerate to V1 and then
either stop or continue to a height of
35 (or whatever) feet with one
engine out at V1.3.
Category I (Cat I) Operation
A precision instrument approach
and landing using ILS, MLS or PAR
with a decision height of above 200
ft and with an RVR above 550 m.
Category II operation
A precision instrument approach
and landing using ILS or MLS with a
Decision Height (DH) below 200 ft
but not lower than 100 ft, and a
minimum RVR of 300m.
Category III operations
Sub-divided as follows:
· a Category IIIA operation is a
precision instrument approach
and landing using ILS or MLS
with a Decision Height lower
than 100 ft and a Runway Visual
Range not less than 200m.
· a Category IIIB operation is a
precision approach and landing
using ILS or MLS with a
Decision Height lower than 50ft,
or no decision height, and RVR
between 75-200m.
Circling Approach
Circling describes the visual phase of
an instrument approach to bring an
aeroplane into position for landing
on a runway which is not suitably
located for a straight in approach.
Circling Minima
The lowest conditions of circling
heights and in-flight visibility in
which a circuit (using visual
reference only) may be carried out
within a fixed radius or sector of an
aerodrome at which landing is
intended (RVR is that for the
landing runway). Circling Minima
apply to any instrument approach
for landing on another runway than
326 Operational Flying
that directly served by the approach
aid being used ("directly served"
means the final heading of the
approach is within 30° of the runway
QDM), purely visual approaches
where you decide to dispense with
an available letdown aid and visual
circuits following overshoots from
either instrument or visual
approaches.
Climb Compliance
With reference to takeoff, covers the
situation after an engine failure at V1
or later during takeoff with
requirements for reasonable
climbout on one engine. The takeoff
weight of an aircraft may be limited
by climb compliance in one of the
takeoff segments.
Cloud Base
The lowest reported cloud level
(reported as FEW).
Cloud Ceiling
The vertical distance from the
elevation of the aerodrome to the
lowest part of any cloud visible from
the aerodrome which is sufficient to
obscure more than one half of the
sky above the elevation of the
aerodrome (reported as BKN).
Dead Man’s Curve
See Height-Velocity Envelope.
Decision Altitude/Height (DA/H)
A specified altitude in a precision
approach at which a missed
approach must be initiated if the
visual reference to continue the
approach has not been established.
Defined Area
The whole of a circle of 4 nm radius
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