A318/A319/A320/A321 机组训练手册 FCTM Flight Crew Training Manual(9)

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Therefore, the computers automatically adapt the control laws to the flight phases:
? GROUND LAW: The control law is direct law
? FLARE LAW: The control law is a pitch demand law.
Operational Recommendation:
Takeoff and landing maneuvers are naturally achieved. For example, a flare requires the PF to apply permanent aft pressure on the sidestick, in order to achieve a progressive flare. Whereas, derotation consists of smoothly flying the nose gear down, by applying slight aft pressure on the sidestick.
 

  OPERATIONAL PHILOSOPHY
FLIGHT CONTROLS
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL 

LATERAL CHARACTERISTICS
NORMAL CONDITIONS
When the PF performs a lateral input on the sidestick, a roll rate is ordered and naturally obtained.
Therefore, at a bank angle of less than 33 °, with no input on the sidestick, a zero roll rate is ordered, and the current bank angle is maintained. Consequently, the aircraft is laterally stable, and no aileron trim is required.
However, lateral law is also a mixture of roll and yaw demand with: ‐ Automatic turn coordination
‐ Automatic yaw damping
‐ Initial yaw damper response to a major aircraft assymetry.
In addition, if the bank angle is less than 33 °, pitch compensation is provided.
If the bank angle is greater than 33 °, spiral stability is reintroduced and pitch compensation is no longer available. This is because, in normal situations, there is no operational reason to fly with such high bank angles for a long period of time.
AIRBUS LATERAL CHARACTERISTIC
 
Operational Recommendation:
During a normal turn (bank angle less than 33 °), in level flight:
? The PF moves the sidestick laterally (the more the sidestick is moved laterally, the greater the resulting roll rate - e.g. 15 °/s at max deflection)
? It is not necessary to make a pitch correction
? It is not necessary to use the rudder.
In the case of steep turns (bank angle greater than 33 °), the PF must apply:
? Lateral pressure on the sidestick to maintain bank
? Aft pressure on the sidestick to maintain level flight.
 

  OPERATIONAL PHILOSOPHY
FLIGHT CONTROLS
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL 

ENGINE FAILURE
In flight, if an engine failure occurs, and no input is applied on the sidestick, lateral normal law controls the natural tendency of the aircraft to roll and yaw.
If no input is applied on the sidestick, the aircraft will reach an approximate 5 ° constant bank angle, a constant sideslip, and a slowly-diverging heading rate.
The lateral behavior of aircraft is safe.
However, the PF is best suited to adapt the lateral trimming technique, when necessary. From a performance standpoint, the most effective flying technique, in the event of an engine failure at takeoff, is to fly a constant heading with roll surfaces retracted. This technique dictates the amount of rudder that is required, and the resulting residual sideslip.
　
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