FAA规章 美国联邦航空规章 Federal Aviation Regulations 4(73)

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63.2FlightLoads ............................ 794 FAR27.321:General ...................... 794 FAR 27.337 : Limit maneuvering load factor . . . . . . . . . . 794 FAR 27.339 : Resultant limit maneuvering loads . . . . . . . 795 FAR27.341:Gustloads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795 FAR27.351:Yawing conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795 FAR27.361:Enginetorque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796
63.3 ControlSurface andSystemLoads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796 FAR27.391:General ...................... 796 FAR27.395:Control system .................. 796 FAR 27.397 : Limit pilot forces and torques . . . . . . . . . . 797 FAR27.399:Dual control system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 797 FAR27.401:[Removed.] .................... 797 FAR27.403:[Removed.] .................... 797 FAR 27.411 : Ground clearance : tail rotor guard . . . . . . . 798 FAR27.413:[Removed.] .................... 798 FAR27.427:Unsymmetricalloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 798
63.4GroundLoads ........................... 798 FAR27.471:General ...................... 798 FAR 27.473 : Ground loading conditions and assumptions . . 799 FAR27.475:Tiresand shock absorbers . . . . . . . . . . . . 799 FAR 27.477 : Landing gear arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . 799 FAR27.479:Levellanding conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799
791
Subpart C : Strength Requirements
FAR 27.481 : Tail-down landing conditions . . . . . . . . . . 800 FAR 27.483 : One-wheel landing conditions . . . . . . . . . . 800 FAR 27.485 : Lateral drift landing conditions . . . . . . . . . 800 FAR27.493:Braked roll conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800 FAR 27.497 : Ground loading conditions : landing gear with tail wheels ....................... 801 FAR 27.501 : Ground loading conditions : landing gear with skids .......................... 802 FAR27.505:Skilanding conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 804
63.5WaterLoads ............................ 804

FAR27.521:Floatlanding conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 804
63.6 MainComponentRequirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 804
FAR27.547:Mainrotorstructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 804 FAR 27.549 : Fuselage, landing gear, and rotor pylon structures805
63.7EmergencyLandingConditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805
FAR27.561:General ...................... 805 FAR27.562:[Emergencylandingdynamicconditions.] . . . . 806 FAR 27.563 : Structural ditching provisions . . . . . . . . . . 808
63.8FatigueEvaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808
FAR 27.571 : Fatigue evaluation of .ight structure . . . . . . 808
63.1 General
FAR 27.301 : Loads
(a)
Strength requirements are speci.edin terms oflimitloads(the maximumloadsto be expected in service) and ultimate loads (limit loads multiplied by prescribed factors of safety).Unless otherwiseprovided,prescribedloads arelimitloads.

(b)
Unless otherwiseprovided, the speci.ed air,ground, and waterloads mustbeplaced in equilibrium with inertia forces, considering each item of mass in the rotorcraft. These loads must be distributed to closely approximate or conservatively represent actual conditions.

(c)
If de.ections under load would signi.cantly change the distribution of external or internal loads, this redistribution must be taken into account.

FAR 27.303 : Factor of safety
Unless otherwiseprovided, afactor of safety of1.5 mustbe used.Thisfactor applies to external and inertia loads unless its application to the resulting internal stresses is more conservative.
FAR 27.305 : Strength and deformation
(a)
The structure mustbe able to supportlimit loads withoutdetrimental orpermanent deformation.At anyload up tolimitloads,thedeformationmay notinterferewith safe operation.

(b)
The structure must be able to support ultimate loads without failure. This must be shown by–

(1)
Applying ultimate loads to the structure in a static test for at least three seconds; or
　
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