曝光台 注意防骗
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truck. The aircraft sustained extensive damage, a 7-foot gash
in the belly, and was down for four days.
Good cockpit communication is equally important. The next
report, from a Commuter First Officer, illustrates how easily
CRM skills can be lost, even during routine tasks like a departure
checklist:
■ I began my duties of computing weight and balance and
bug speeds. I saw the Captain advance the condition levers...
[and] I sensed the aircraft began to roll forward. We both
rolled forward enough to strike a ground power unit, tearing
a hole on the right side, below the First Officer’s window.
The parking brake had not been set, [even though it] was
called out by me and the Captain confirmed it was set.
The Road Home
In another ASRS report, an Air Carrier Captain was confronted
with several roadblocks to his attempts to park his
aircraft for the night:
■ [We were] cleared to the gate and advised to power in to
the gate. Guide-in man had no lights or wands, but was
standing in bright lights from the terminal. He brought us
12 feet too far forward of the stop line, and the left engine
cowl hit the jetway. When the jetway driver tried to move the
jetway, he pushed the aircraft, causing more damage. The
stop lines were marked, but were hard to read because they
had oil and grease on them. The jetway was not parked in
the normal spot and was unlit.
The reporter makes several suggestions for these problems:
taxi and parking lines should be clean and visible; jetways
should be manned by qualified personnel and parked in
proper position; and supervisors should be at any gate where
aircraft are being moved. Equipping guide-in personnel with
lights or wands is another safety recommendation.
Sudden Disappearance
Perhaps the most frightening sort of incident is the sudden
disappearance of a passenger on the ramp. A number of
factors led to this GA pilot’s nerve-wracking experience
while taxiing a tail-dragger aircraft:
■ While I was taxiing for takeoff, a [charter airplane] in
front of me stopped on the taxiway. The pilot was not using
the radio, so I decided to taxi around the plane in the ramp
area to his right. A passenger deplaned and began walking
toward the ramp—this put his path in front of mine. I
stopped and looked to see if any additional passengers were
deplaning. I then looked back...and assumed the passenger
was with [a group of people off to the side]. Again I started
around the plane. I leaned forward ...and stopped immediately
when I saw the passenger crouching on the ground in
front of me. He had apparently tripped on a tie-down cable
and was picking up papers he had dropped.
ASRS Recently Issued Alerts On...
Reports of malfunctioning pilot seat locks on B737s
Tree obstructions on approach to an Illinois airport
Frequency interference between two Arizona ATIS's
Similar-sounding intersection names on a Texas STAR
Inadequate back-up power systems at several TRACONs
A Monthly Safety Bulletin
from
The Office of the NASA
Aviation Safety Reporting
System,
P.O. Box 189,
Moffett Field, CA
94035-0189
August 1995 Report Intake
Air Carrier Pilots 1914
General Aviation Pilots 833
Controllers 113
Cabin/Mechanics/Military/Other 38
TOTAL 2898
Aeronautical Gremlins
A gremlin is an imaginary gnome-like creature to whom
mechanical problems in military aircraft were frequently
attributed during World War II; hence, any mischief-maker.
The ASRS reporters quoted this month may not consider
these aeronautical gremlins imaginary.
First up, a GA pilot’s “chilling” experience:
■ Temperature on the ground was 35°F. Takeoff normal
and first power reduction went smoothly. At second power
reduction, throttle would not move in ANY direction. Tower
was notified and we returned for landing. At 400 feet,
throttle unfroze. Normal landing accomplished.
The previous day, the engine compartment had been cleaned
with a biodegradable cleaner, which had a water base. Evidently
water entered the cable housing and froze at altitude.
After the throttle cable was cleaned and re-lubricated, it functioned
normally.
This problem could occur anytime an aircraft climbs into
cold temperatures, even when the surface weather is balmy.
The solution: alcohol- or glycol-based cleaners, or solvents,
used sparingly and disposed of properly.
Six-legged Gremlins
A general aviation pilot flying in IMC experienced repeated
errors with his Directional Gyro while trying to maintain
headings given by ATC. Other vacuum instruments continued
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